Cell
Volume 56, Issue 5, 10 March 1989, Pages 849-853
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Article
A cell adhesion molecule, ICAM-1, is the major surface receptor for rhinoviruses

https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(89)90689-2Get rights and content

Abstract

Rhinoviruses, which cause common colds, possess over 100 serotypes, 90% of which (the major group) share a single receptor. Lymphocyte function associated molecule 1 (LFA-1) mediates leukocyte adhesion to a wide variety of cell types by binding to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). We demonstrate identity between the receptor for the major group of rhinoviruses and ICAM-1. A major group rhinovirus binds specifically to purified ICAM-1 and to ICAM-1 expressed on transfected COS cells, and binding is blocked by three ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies (MAb) that block ICAM-1-LFA-1 interaction, but not by an ICAM-1 MAb that does not block ICAM-1-LFA-1 interaction. This suggests that the ICAM-1 contact site(s) for LFA-1 and rhinoviruses is proximal or identical. In addition, ICAM-1 MAb block the cytopathic effect in HeLa cells mediated by representative major but not minor group rhinoviruses. ICAM-1 is induced by soluble mediators of inflammation, suggesting that the host immune response to rhinovirus may facilitate spread to uninfected cells.

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      Citation Excerpt :

      VP1 is known to mediate cell surface attachment by binding to various cell surface receptors (Stobart et al., 2017). Twelve HRV-A strains bind to members of the low-density lipoprotein (LDLR) family, while the remaining A and B types bind to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (Hofer et al., 1994; Staunton et al., 1989); HRV-C has been shown to bind to human cadherin-related family member 3 (CDHR3) (Bochkov et al., 2015). HRV has been demonstrated to replicate in the nasal epithelium and nasopharynx, perhaps due to the high expression of ICAM-1, LDLR, and/or CDHR3 (Arruda et al., 1995; Watters and Palmenberg, 2018).

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