Platinum in the human diet, blood, hair and excreta

https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(92)90044-SGet rights and content

Abstract

Baseline levels of platinum in the blood, hair and urine of 21 adults from Sydney, Australia, and three adults from the relatively unpolluted area of Lord Howe Island. Australia, were determined by adsorptive voltammetry. The median concentrations of platinum in samples from residents in Sydney were: whole blood, 0.56 μg Pt l−1; urine, 0.18 μg Pt l−1 (0.23 μg Pt g creatinine). Samples from residents of Lord Howe Island had platinum levels that were within the range of values of the corresponding samples from Sydney residents. For faeces samples, the median platinum concentration was 10.5 μg kg−1 FW. The excretion of platinum over a 4-day period was measured in one adult male. Urinary excretion of platinum was between 0.76 and 1.07 μg Pt day−1 and in faeces it was between 0.61 and 0.73 μg Pt day−1. The concentrations of platinum in a range of foodstuffs from Sydney were between 8.11 μg kg−1 FW for liver and 0.13 μg kg−1 FW for full-cream milk. This information as well as the amounts of these foods in hypothetical diets for Australians was used to calculate the total dietary intake of platinum. The average diet of a Sydney adult contains 1.44 μg of platinum per day (adult male, 1.73 μg Pt day−1; adult female, 1.15 μg Pt day−1). The uptake of dietary platinum from the gut was estimated to be at least 42% and, therefore, diet appears to make a substantial contribution to total platinum intake.

References (18)

  • C.M.G. Van den Berg et al.

    The determination of platinum in sea water by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry

    Anal. Chim. Acta

    (1988)
  • H.J.M. Bowen

    The elemental content of human diets and excreta

  • P.E. Brubaker et al.

    Noble metals: a toxicological appraisal of potential new environmental contaminants

    Environ. Health Perspect.

    (1975)
  • Commonwealth Department of Health

    National Dietary Survey of Adults: 1983, No. 1. Foods Consumed

  • J.J. Fardy et al.

    The determination of selenium status in the Australian diet using neutron activation analysis

    J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.

    (1989)
  • V.F. Hodge et al.

    Platinum and palladium in roadside dust

    Environ. Sci. Technol.

    (1986)
  • V. Hodge et al.

    Determination of platinum and iridium in marine waters, sediments and organisms

    Anal. Chem.

    (1986)
  • D.E. Johnson et al.

    Levels of platinum, palladium and lead in populations of Southern California

    Environ. Health Perspect.

    (1975)
  • W.R. Leopold et al.

    Carcinogenicity of antitumor cis-platinum(II) coordination complexes in the mouse and rat

    Cancer Res.

    (1979)
There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (80)

  • Platinum

    2021, Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals: Fifth Edition
  • Distribution of platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh) in urban tributaries of the Scheldt River assessed by diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT)

    2021, Science of the Total Environment
    Citation Excerpt :

    Since mid '90s, because of the increased price of Pt, Pd has partially substituted Pt whereas the proportions of Rh have always remained low and relatively constant (Gomez et al., 2002). PGEs occur in particle sizes ranging from <1 μm (nanoparticles) to >63 μm in automobile exhaust and in the urban environment (Vaughan and Florence, 1992), supporting that the emission is a combination of processes such as chemical and thermal aging (Moldovan et al., 2003). During rain events, the deposited particles can then be washed into sewers, rivers and water bodies, where they accumulate in sediments (Rauch et al., 2001).

  • Silk–Pt composite integration by supercritical carbon dioxide assisted electroless plating for medical devices application

    2017, Microelectronic Engineering
    Citation Excerpt :

    The Pt ion concentration in human body varies with race, environment, and diet. According to several literature based on different living conditions, the average Pt input from diet is 1.44 μg/day, and the Pt output through the faeces can be up to 1.79 μg/day [23–26]. Regarding evaluation of the ion releasing rate of the silk–Pt composite prepared in this study, only 2.73 μg of Pt was found in the SBF after 3 months of immersion at 37 °C, which is the human body temperature.

View all citing articles on Scopus
View full text