Nasal cavity deposition, histopathology, and cell proliferation after single or repeated formaldehyde exposures in B6C3F1 mice and F-344 rats

doi:10.1016/0041-008X(83)90001-7

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

Volume 68, Issue 2, April 1983, Pages 161-176

https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(83)90001-7 Get rights and content

Abstract

Inhalation exposure for 2 years to 14.3 ppm formaldehyde (HCHO) induced a 50% incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in the nasal cavity of F-344 rats but only a 3.3% incidence in B6C3F1 mice. Since the response was concentration and species dependent, species differences in nasal cavity “dose” were examined as a possible mechanism for the differences in tumor incidence. Naive (nonpretreated) and HCHO-pretreated (6 or 15 ppm, 6 hr/day, 4 days) mice and rats were exposed to HCHO for 6 hr during which respiratory rate and tidal volume were recorded to calculate the theoretical deposition (μg/min/cm²) of HCHO on the nasal epithelium. Species differences in delivered “dose” were further assessed by comparative autoradiography, histopathology, and cell turnover studies. Because mice were better able to reduce minute ventilation upon repeated exposures, they had less HCHO available for deposition than rats, resulting in less tissue damage and a lower rate of cell turnover in the nasal epithelium. The correlation between calculated “dose” and observed nasal toxicity, including nasal tumor incidence, demonstrates that by normalizing the dosimetry to nasal surface area, species differences in nasal toxicity may be better understood.

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^☆: Presented in part at the 21st Annual Meeting of Society of Toxicology, Boston, Mass., February 1982.

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Nasal cavity deposition, histopathology, and cell proliferation after single or repeated formaldehyde exposures in B6C3F1 mice and F-344 rats☆

Abstract

Fund. Appl. Toxicol.

Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.

Sensory irritation by airborne chemicals

CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol.

The responses of guinea pigs to inhalation of formaldehyde and formic acid alone and with a sodium chloride aerosol

Int. J. Air. Poll.

Genetic and cytogenetical effects of formaldehyde and related compounds

Mutat. Res.

NH3 concentrations in the expired air of the rat: importance to inhalation toxicology

Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.

Formaldehyde sensory irritation

Mucous flow and ciliary activity in the trachea of healthy rats and rats exposed to respiratory irritant gases

Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl.

Retention of inhaled formaldehyde, propionaldehyde and acrolein in the dog

Arch. Environ. Health

Formaldehyde

NH₃ concentrations in the expired air of the rat: importance to inhalation toxicology