On the enterohepatic cycle of triiodothyronine in rats; importance of the intestinal microflora
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Cited by (33)
PFOS-induced thyroid hormone system disrupted rats display organ-specific changes in their transcriptomes
2022, Environmental PollutionCitation Excerpt :The intestinal microbiota can affect TH metabolism by interfering with iodine uptake, as well as degradation and enterohepatic cycling of TH (Fröhlich and Wahl, 2019). In rats, an altered microbiota can lead to changes in serum TH levels, as well as TH excretion (de Herder et al., 1989). The microbiota also plays a role in the intestinal cycling of TH destined for excretion (de Herder et al., 1989; van der Spek et al., 2017) and PFASs are known to go through enterohepatic cycling in both humans and rats (Johnson et al., 1984; Zhao et al., 2017).
Microbiota and Thyroid Interaction in Health and Disease
2019, Trends in Endocrinology and MetabolismCitation Excerpt :Similarly to T4, T3 is also conjugated and excreted as sulfate and as glucuronide derivatives. T3S is proposed to serve as a reservoir for iodothyronines, particularly in fetal tissues, and excreted T3S may be recovered by the action of bacterial sulfatases in the intestine [39]. Microbes, for instance Escherichia coli, may serve as reservoir for T3 owing to strong binding to bacterial thyroid-binding protein [40].
The classic pathways of thyroid hormone metabolism
2017, Molecular and Cellular EndocrinologyCitation Excerpt :T4G can be deconjugated back to T4 by β-glucuronidase which is present in the gut microbiota. This enterohepatic cycle is then completed by secretion of recovered intestinal T4 into the portal circulation (de Herder et al., 1989). Deconjugation of T4G and T3G has also been demonstrated in other tissues, suggesting that this reservoir is not exclusively present in the gut (Hays and Cavalieri, 1992).
Effects of microsomal enzyme inducers on outer-ring deiodinase activity toward thyroid hormones in various rat tissues
2000, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology