Regular ArticleSmoking and Other Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer in Women☆
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2013, European UrologyCitation Excerpt :These risk factors, however, are unlikely to fully explain the observed sex difference [8]. Hormonal exposures associated with menstrual and reproductive history, as well as structural changes in the lower abdomen following childbirth, have been suggested to influence the risk of BCa in women [7,9–16]. Some studies [9,11,14], but not all [7,10,13,15,16], have reported an inverse association between parity and BCa risk.
Occupational Cancer
2013, Women and HealthOccupational Cancer
2012, Women and Health, Second Edition
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This work was conducted with the contribution of the Italian Association for Cancer Research, Milan, the Italian Ministry of Health, the Commission of the European Communities (Contract QLK1-CT-2000-00069) and the Italian League Against Cancer.
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