Number of accepted loss-time claims, full-time equivalent (FTE) hours of exposure, claim rates and unadjusted rate ratios across study variables: Ontario, Canada (2016–2019)
| Claims | FTE hours of exposure | Rate per 1000 FTEs | RR | 95% CI | |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 131 999 | 9 000 503 | 14.7 | Ref | |
| Female | 99 308 | 6 690 623 | 14.8 | 1.01 | 1.00 to 1.02 |
| Age | |||||
| 15–24 | 30 204 | 1 943 628 | 15.5 | 1.07 | 1.06 to 1.09 |
| 25–34 | 49 170 | 3 651 536 | 13.5 | 0.93 | 0.92 to 0.94 |
| 35–44 | 49 037 | 3 385 595 | 14.5 | Ref | |
| 45–54 | 56 385 | 3 662 725 | 15.4 | 1.06 | 1.05 to 1.08 |
| 55+ | 46 511 | 3 047 643 | 15.3 | 1.05 | 1.04 to 1.07 |
| Year | |||||
| 2016 | 52 233 | 3 836 673 | 13.6 | Ref | |
| 2017 | 56 077 | 3 867 396 | 14.5 | 1.07 | 1.05 to 1.08 |
| 2018 | 60 904 | 4 019 557 | 15.2 | 1.11 | 1.10 to 1.13 |
| 2019 | 62 093 | 3 967 499 | 15.7 | 1.15 | 1.14 to 1.16 |
| Physical demands | |||||
| Limited | 55 172 | 8 043 504 | 6.9 | Ref | |
| Light | 55 732 | 3 341 992 | 16.7 | 2.43 | 2.40 to 2.46 |
| Medium | 83 134 | 3 306 052 | 25.1 | 3.67 | 3.63 to 3.71 |
| Heavy | 37 269 | 999 578 | 37.3 | 5.44 | 5.37 to 5.51 |
| Other workplace hazards | |||||
| Unexposed | 84 216 | 8 947 960 | 9.4 | Ref | |
| Exposed | 147 091 | 6 743 166 | 21.8 | 2.32 | 2.30 to 2.34 |
| Temporary employment | |||||
| Q1 (lowest exposure) | 25 449 | 2 850 960 | 8.9 | Ref | |
| Q2 | 33 238 | 3 638 160 | 9.1 | 1.02 | 1.01 to 1.04 |
| Q3 | 94 726 | 5 111 806 | 18.5 | 2.08 | 2.05 to 2.11 |
| Q4 (highest exposure) | 77 894 | 4 090 200 | 19.0 | 2.13 | 2.10 to 2.16 |
| Low wages | |||||
| Q1 (lowest exposure) | 28 233 | 2 645 349 | 10.7 | Ref | |
| Q2 | 38 782 | 3 959 099 | 9.8 | 0.92 | 0.90 to 0.93 |
| Q3 | 60 632 | 3 878 925 | 15.6 | 1.46 | 1.44 to 1.48 |
| Q4 (highest exposure) | 103 660 | 5 207 754 | 19.9 | 1.86 | 1.84 to 1.89 |
| Irregular hours | |||||
| Q1 (lowest exposure) | 7726 | 2 612 215 | 3.0 | Ref | |
| Q2 | 54 895 | 4 634 075 | 11.8 | 4.00 | 3.91 to 4.10 |
| Q3 | 64 995 | 3 649 118 | 17.8 | 6.02 | 5.88 to 6.17 |
| Q4 (highest exposure) | 103 691 | 4 795 719 | 21.6 | 7.31 | 7.14 to 7.48 |
| Involuntary part-time employment | |||||
| Q1 (lowest exposure) | 7254 | 872 141 | 8.3 | Ref | |
| Q2 | 31 643 | 4 445 714 | 7.1 | 0.86 | 0.83 to 0.88 |
| Q3 | 71 211 | 4 740 074 | 15.0 | 1.81 | 1.76 to 1.85 |
| Q4 (highest exposure) | 121 199 | 5 633 198 | 21.5 | 2.59 | 2.53 to 2.65 |
| Multidimensional exposure | |||||
| Low | 55 916 | 7 005 452 | 8.0 | Ref | |
| Medium | 45 280 | 2 665 678 | 17.0 | 2.13 | 2.10 to 2.16 |
| High | 65 599 | 2 964 276 | 22.1 | 2.77 | 2.74 to 2.80 |
| Very high | 64 512 | 3 055 720 | 21.1 | 2.65 | 2.61 to 2.68 |
Multidimensional exposure was assessed in terms of the number of times a given occupation was assigned the highest possible exposure level (ie, Q4), distinguishing between occupations with ‘low’ (ie, never assigned to Q4), ‘moderate’ (ie, assigned to Q4 once), ‘high’ (ie, assigned to Q4 twice) and ‘very high’ (ie, assigned to Q4 three or more times) overall exposures.
Q, quartile; RR, rate ratio.