Table 2

Fully adjusted HR of an outpatient mental health encounter within the first 5 years of follow-up for the three cohorts, overall, and at 3 or fewer years of follow-up and at 4–5 years of follow-up, by sex and veteran status

CohortOverall adjusted HR (95% CI)P valueAdjusted HR1 (95% CI)P valueAdjusted HR2 (95% CI)P value
Overall (men and women combined)
 Veteran 1 (ref=civilian 1)1.11 (1.08 to 1.14)<0.0011.13 (1.10 to 1.17)<0.0011.03 (0.98 to 1.08)0.311
 Veteran 2 (ref=civilian 2)1.08 (1.05 to 1.10)<0.0011.09 (1.06 to 1.11)<0.0011.04 (0.99 to 1.09)0.142
 Veteran 3 (ref=civilian 3)1.18 (1.15 to 1.20)<0.0011.22 (1.19 to 1.25)<0.0011.02 (0.98 to 1.08)0.262
Men only
 Veteran 1 (ref=civilian 1)1.10 (1.07 to 1.14)<0.0011.12 (1.08 to 1.15)<0.0011.05 (1.00 to 1.11)0.074
 Veteran 2 (ref=civilian 2)1.06 (1.04 to 1.09)<0.0011.07 (1.04 to 1.10)<0.0011.04 (0.99 to 1.10)0.131
 Veteran 3 (ref=civilian 3)1.16 (1.13 to 1.18)<0.0011.19 (1.16 to 1.22)<0.0011.04 (0.98 to 1.10)0.184
Women only
 Veteran 1 (ref=civilian 1)1.14 (1.07 to 1.2)<0.0011.19 (1.12 to 1.27)<0.0010.90 (0.79 to 1.03)0.902
 Veteran 2 (ref=civilian 2)1.13 (1.08 to 1.19)<0.0011.16 (1.10 to 1.22)<0.0011.00 (0.88 to 1.14)0.997
 Veteran 3 (ref=civilian 3)1.26 (1.20 to 1.32)<0.0011.32 (1.25 to 1.39)<0.0010.97 (0.85 to 1.10)0.968
  • Cohort 1 is matched on age and sex; cohort 2 on age, sex and region of residence; and cohort 3 on age, sex, region of residence and median neighbourhood income quintile. Cohort 3 also excludes civilians with a history of long-term care/rehabilitation stay and/or receipt of disability/income support payments.

  • Fully adjusted models included age, sex, region of residence, median neighbourhood income quintile, rurality and number of major and minor aggregated diagnosis groups.

  • HR1, HR for first 3 years of follow-up; HR2, HR for years 4 and 5; overall HR, average HR over the full period of follow-up (ie, not time-dependent).

  • ref, reference.