ORs and 95% CIs for TGCT associated with occupations, overall and according to histological subtypes, TESTIS study
| Occupation description (ISCO-68)* | All TGCT cases | Seminomas† | Non-seminomas‡ | P-HET§ | |||
| Ca/Co (%ever) | OR (95% CI)¶ | Ca/Co (%ever) | OR (95% CI) ¶ | Ca/Co (%ever) | OR (95% CI)¶ | ||
| Professional, technical and related workers (0/1) | 39.5/45.4 | 0.83 (0.63 to 1.08) | 40.7/45.4 | 0.82 (0.59 to 1.15) | 36.4/45.4 | 0.78 (0.53 to 1.14) | 0.82 |
| Architects, engineers and related technicians (0–2/0–3) | 12.4/12.8 | 0.94 (0.63 to 1.40) | 13.6/12.8 | 1.16 (0.72 to 1.89) | 9.1/12.8 | 0.64 (0.34 to 1.21) | 0.14 |
| Doctors, dentists, veterinarians and similar workers (0–6/0–7) | 4.0/6.9 | 0.58 (0.32 to 1.05) | 3.3/6.9 | 0.48 (0.21 to 1.12) | 6.1/6.9 | 0.83 (0.39 to 1.76) | 0.34 |
| Teachers (1–3) | 6.9/8.8 | 0.83 (0.51 to 1.35) | 6.5/8.8 | 0.65 (0.34 to 1.26) | 6.7/8.8 | 0.89 (0.44 to 1.80) | 0.53 |
| Secondary education teachers (1–32) | 4.5/4.3 | 1.09 (0.57 to 2.05) | 4.7/4.3 | 0.89 (0.39 to 2.04) | 4.2/4.3 | 1.29 (0.53 to 3.14) | 0.56 |
| Administrative and managerial workers (2) | 12.9/16.3 | 0.86 (0.59 to 1.26) | 15.0/16.3 | 0.97 (0.61 to 1.54) | 9.7/16.3 | 0.75 (0.41 to 1.37) | 0.51 |
| Clerical and related workers (3) | 20.5/19.5 | 1.02 (0.74 to 1.40) | 21.5/19.5 | 0.99 (0.66 to 1.48) | 18.8/19.5 | 0.98 (0.62 to 1.57) | 0.99 |
| Sales workers (4) | 21.0/17.2 | 1.28 (0.92 to 1.77) | 22.0/17.2 | 1.12 (0.74 to 1.67) | 20/17.2 | 1.39 (0.87 to 2.20) | 0.49 |
| Salesmen, shop assistants and related workers (4–5) | 13.1/8.2 | 1.66 (1.09 to 2.52) | 12.6/8.2 | 1.29 (0.77 to 2.15) | 12.7/8.2 | 1.91 (1.07 to 3.42) | 0.32 |
| Salesmen, shop assistants and demonstrators (4–51) | 13.1/7.2 | 1.84 (1.20 to 2.82) | 12.6/7.2 | 1.44 (0.86 to 2.43) | 12.7/7.2 | 2.08 (1.16 to 3.75) | 0.36 |
| Other salesmen, shop assistants and demonstrators (4–51.90) | 7.6/2.9 | 2.54 (1.38 to 4.65) | 6.5/2.9 | 1.71 (0.82 to 3.57) | 9.1/2.9 | 4.34 (2.00 to 9.42) | 0.09 |
| Service workers (5) | 24.0/21.5 | 1.17 (0.86 to 1.58) | 22.9/21.5 | 0.94 (0.64 to 1.39) | 27.9/21.5 | 1.43 (0.94 to 2.16) | 0.15 |
| Cooks, waiters, bartenders and related workers (5–3) | 10.2/8.9 | 1.21 (0.78 to 1.86) | 9.3/8.9 | 0.95 (0.54 to 1.67) | 13.3/8.9 | 1.50 (0.86 to 2.63) | 0.26 |
| Waiters, bartenders and related workers (5–32) | 6.4/4.5 | 1.65 (0.94 to 2.90) | 6.5/4.5 | 1.37 (0.69 to 2.74) | 7.9/4.5 | 1.72 (0.83 to 3.57) | 0.65 |
| Waiter, general (5–32.10) | 5.0/2.9 | 1.93 (0.99 to 3.74) | 3.7/2.9 | 1.20 (0.49 to 2.90) | 7.9/2.9 | 2.80 (1.29 to 6.09) | 0.15 |
| Protective service workers (5–8) | 8.3/7.4 | 1.10 (0.69 to 1.77) | 8.9/7.4 | 1.04 (0.58 to 1.87) | 7.3/7.4 | 1.11 (0.55 to 2.24) | 0.90 |
| Firefighters (5–81) | 3.1/1.7 | 1.59 (0.69 to 3.69) | |||||
| Agricultural, animal husbandry and forestry workers (6) | 10.7/6.0 | 1.71 (1.07 to 2.72) | 10.3/6.0 | 1.51 (0.85 to 2.68) | 12.7/6.0 | 1.94 (1.05 to 3.61) | 0.55 |
| Farmers (6–1) | 2.4/1.4 | 1.84 (0.71 to 4.76) | |||||
| Agricultural and animal husbandry workers (6–2) | 8.6/4.8 | 1.71 (1.02 to 2.86) | 6.5/4.8 | 1.25 (0.63 to 2.51) | 12.1/4.8 | 2.12 (1.11 to 4.04) | 0.27 |
| Production and related workers, transport equipment operators and labourers (7/8/9) | 48.6/40.8 | 1.35 (1.04 to 1.76) | 46.3/40.8 | 1.23 (0.88 to 1.72) | 51.5/40.8 | 1.43 (0.99 to 2.07) | 0.56 |
| Production supervisors and general foremen (7–0) | 5.0/4.6 | 1.24 (0.69 to 2.25) | 4.7/4.6 | 1.12 (0.52 to 2.43) | 6.1/4.6 | 1.29 (0.59 to 2.83) | 0.81 |
| Machinery fitters, machine assemblers and precision-instrument makers (except electrical) (8–4) | 13.8/8.8 | 1.72 (1.14 to 2.59) | 13.6/8.8 | 1.74 (1.05 to 2.88) | 13.3/8.8 | 1.41 (0.80 to 2.48) | 0.59 |
| Machinery fitters and machine assemblers (8–41) | 3.6/1.7 | 2.46 (1.08 to 5.62) | 2.3/1.7 | 1.81 (0.58 to 5.64) | 3.0/1.7 | 1.58 (0.49 to 5.08) | 0.87 |
| Refrigeration and air-conditioning plan installer and mechanic (8–41.80) | 2.6/1.2 | 2.43 (0.92 to 6.39) | |||||
| Motor-vehicle mechanics (8–43) | 3.3/2.9 | 1.16 (0.56 to 2.39) | |||||
| Machinery fitters, machine assemblers and precision-instrument makers (except electrical) N.E.C. (8–49) | 7.6/4.9 | 1.60 (0.94 to 2.73) | 7.5/4.9 | 1.58 (0.82 to 3.06) | 8.5/4.9 | 1.64 (0.80 to 3.37) | 0.94 |
| Electrical fitters and related electrical and electronics workers (8–5) | 10.0/5.7 | 1.80 (1.11 to 2.91) | 9.3/5.7 | 1.65 (0.90 to 3.00) | 10.3/5.7 | 1.71 (0.90 to 3.25) | 0.94 |
| Plumbers, welders, sheet-netal and structural metal preparers and erectors (8–7) | 7.6/4.6 | 1.67 (0.97 to 2.87) | 7.0/4.6 | 1.29 (0.65 to 2.55) | 7.2/4.6 | 1.82 (0.86 to 3.83) | 0.50 |
| Welders and flame-cutters (8–72) | 2.9/1.8 | 1.40 (0.59 to 3.29) | 2.8/1.8 | 1.16 (0.40 to 3.36) | 3.0/1.8 | 2.41 (0.74 to 7.81) | 0.37 |
| Sheet-metal workers (8–73) | 1.4/1.2 | 1.31 (0.43 to 4.00) | |||||
| Painters (9–3) | 1.9/2.2 | 0.70 (0.28 to 1.74) | |||||
| Bricklayers, carpenters and other construction workers (9-5) | 9.5/7.5 | 1.27 (0.80 to 2.01) | 8.4/7.5 | 1.19 (0.65 to 2.17) | 10.9/7.5 | 1.38 (0.74 to 2.59) | 0.74 |
| Material handling and related equipment operators, dockers and freight handlers (9–7) | 11.0/8.6 | 1.28 (0.83 to 1.97) | 9.3/8.6 | 1.01 (0.57 to 1.79) | 12.1/8.6 | 1.50 (0.83 to 2.69) | 0.35 |
| Transport equipment operators (9–8) | 8.1/7.8 | 1.03 (0.64 to 1.65) | 8.9/7.8 | 0.96 (0.53 to 1.73) | 9.1/7.8 | 1.38 (0.73 to 2.62) | 0.42 |
| Laboureres N.E.C (9–9) | 2.9/2.5 | 1.07 (0.48 to 2.38) | |||||
Boldface indicates p-value <0.05.
*Total number of subjects presented for each code can vary due to the management of codes with missing digits. Subjects with a single job coded as missing data, were excluded from the analyses (N=33).
†219 cases of seminoma TGCT were present in the TESTIS study.
‡191 cases of non-seminoma TGCT were present in the TESTIS study.
§P value for heterogeneity derived from the likelihood ratio test, comparing seminoma versus non-seminoma tumours.
¶Estimates obtained comparing TGCT cases to group A and group B controls combined and adjusted for sibship size, being born from multiple pregnancy, personal history of testicular trauma, family history of TGCT and family history of cryptorchidism. Analysis was restricted to subjects with no missing data for the adjustment variables (N=12). Results presented if a job was held by more than five cases and five controls (grey line if less).
Ca/Co (%ever), percentage of cases/controls ever employed; ISCO, International Standard Classification of Occupations; N.E.C, not elsewhere classified; P-HET, P-value for heterogeneity; TGCT, testicular germ cell tumour.