Crude and adjusted multinomial logistic regression assessing association between long working hours and stroke
| Total** | Stroke cases, N (%) | Ischaemic stroke | Haemorrhagic stroke | |||
| Crude ORs (95% CI) | Adjusted ORs† (95% CI) | Crude ORs (95% CI) | Adjusted ORs† (95% CI) | |||
| Age (years) | 47.7 (13.1) | 1.08 (1.07 to 1.10) | 1.08 (1.06 to 1.10) | 1.09 (1.06 to 1.12) | 1.08 (1.05 to 1.12) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m²) | 25.0 (4.48) | 1.06 (1.03 to 1.09) | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.05) | 1.02 (0.96 to 1.08) | 0.94 (0.88 to 1.02) | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 85 376 (53.2%) | 73 (38.8%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Male | 75 227 (46.8%) | 115 (61.2%) | 2.22 (1.55 to 3.18) | 1.92 (1.26 to 2.91) | 1.10 (0.65 to 1.86) | 0.84 (0.45 to 1.56) |
| High blood pressure diagnosed | ||||||
| No | 142 553 (88.7%) | 144 (75.8%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 18 198 (11.3%) | 46 (24.2%) | 2.36 (1.58 to 3.53) | 0.87 (0.54 to 1.41) | 2.87 (1.59 to 5.19) | 1.46 (0.73 to 2.91) |
| Diabetes diagnosed | ||||||
| No | 158 644 (98.7%) | 178 (93.7%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 2107 (1.31%) | 12 (6.32%) | 6.76 (3.65 to 12.55) | 3.86 (1.95 to 7.65) | 1.38 (0.19 to 9.94) | 0.79 (0.11 to 5.84) |
| Familial history of cardiovascular diseases | ||||||
| No | 144 696 (90.0%) | 167 (87.9%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 16 055 (9.99%) | 23 (12.1%) | 1.31 (0.79 to 2.18) | 1.10 (0.65 to 1.86) | 1.08 (0.46 to 2.52) | 0.89 (0.38 to 2.10) |
| Dyslipidaemia diagnosed | ||||||
| No | 147 715 (91.8%) | 148 (77.9%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Yes | 13 236 (8.23%) | 42 (22.1%) | 3.08 (2.04 to 4.66) | 1.17 (0.72 to 1.88) | 3.38 (1.82 to 6.28) | 1.70 (0.84 to 3.41) |
| Smoking | ||||||
| Not smoker | 71 704 (45.5%) | 70 (37.8%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Current/former smoker<30 pack-years | 79 522 (50.5%) | 88 (47.6%) | 1.04 (0.72 to 1.50) | 0.94 (0.64 to 1.39) | 1.43 (0.78 to 2.63) | 1.59 (0.82 to 3.08) |
| Current/former smoker≥30 pack-years | 6199 (3.94%) | 27 (14.6%) | 3.50 (2.00 to 6.13) | 1.70 (0.94 to 3.06) | 7.51 (3.52 to 16.04) | 4.58 (1.06 to 10.68) |
| Occupation | ||||||
| High-skilled white-collar jobs | 43 419 (30.0%) | 61 (33.5%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Self-employed/chief executive officer, professional jobs | 49 294 (34.0%) | 58 (31.9%) | 0.97 (0.63 to 1.51) | 0.94 (0.59 to 1.51) | 0.61 (0.32 to 1.16) | 0.54 (0.28 to 1.06) |
| Low-skilled white-collar jobs | 37 389 (25.8%) | 37 (20.3%) | 0.89 (0.55 to 1.44) | 1.29 (0.77 to 2.15) | 0.40 (0.18 to 0.90) | 0.47 (0.20 to 1.11) |
| Blue-collar jobs | 14 749 (10.2%) | 26 (14.3%) | 1.71 (1.01 to 2.88) | 1.22 (0.68 to 2.18) | 0.51 (0.18 to 1.48) | 0.53 (0.18 to 1.57) |
| Long working hours exposure | ||||||
| <10 years | 134 569 (86.6%) | 140 (77.8%) | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥10 years | 20 763 (13.4%) | 40 (22.2%) | 1.61 (1.04 to 2.49) | 1.01 (0.63 to 1.63) | 2.50 (1.38 to 4.53) | 1.92 (1.01 to 3.69) |
Significant OR are highlighted in bold.
*Quantitative variables are shown in mean (SD) and categorical variables in number (percentage).
†Multivariable models are adjusted for age, body mass index, high blood pressure, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, smoking and occupation.