Descriptive statistics of the study population of the current manual work analysis and the dose–response analysis, before and after propensity score matching
| Manual work status | Current manual work analysis | Dose–response analysis | ||||||||||
| Unmatched | Matched | Unmatched | Matched | |||||||||
| Exposed (usually/always) | Unexposed (rarely/never) | SMD | Exposed (usually/always) | Unexposed (rarely/never) | SMD | Exposed (usually/always) | Unexposed (rarely/never) | SMD | Exposed (usually/always) | Unexposed (rarely/never) | SMD | |
| N | 26 667 | 169 598 | 26 667 | 100 213 | 12 312 | 84 251 | 12 312 | 46 624 | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 52.73 (7.15) | 52.98 (7.07) | −0.035 | 52.73 (7.15) | 52.81 (7.18) | −0.001 | 53.27 (7.07) | 53.26 (6.91) | 0.001 | 53.27 (7.07) | 53.30 (7.01) | 0.002 |
| Sex, m (%) | 16 943 (63.5) | 79 115 (46.6) | 0.353 | 16 943 (63.5) | 61 593 (61.5) | 0.001 | 8187 (66.5) | 39 350 (46.7) | 0.419 | 8187 (66.5) | 30 259 (64.9) | 0.004 |
| DM (%) | 1225 (4.6) | 6960 (4.1) | 0.023 | 1225 (4.6) | 4592 (4.6) | 0.004 | 549 (4.5) | 3142 (3.7) | 0.035 | 549 (4.5) | 2031 (4.4) | 0.002 |
| Smoker (%) | 13 087 (49.1) | 70 713 (41.7) | 0.148 | 13 087 (49.1) | 47 537 (47.4) | 0.005 | 5740 (46.6) | 33 134 (39.3) | 0.146 | 5740 (46.6) | 20 992 (45.0) | 0.006 |
| Alcohol (%) | ||||||||||||
| (Never) | 1564 (5.9) | 7800 (4.6) | 0.054 | 1564 (5.9) | 5480 (5.5) | <0.001 | 714 (5.8) | 3774 (4.5) | 0.057 | 714 (5.8) | 2534 (5.4) | 0.001 |
| (Special occasions only) | 2971 (11.1) | 14 598 (8.6) | 0.081 | 2971 (11.1) | 10 287 (10.3) | 0.008 | 1231 (10.0) | 7005 (8.3) | 0.056 | 1231 (10.0) | 4357 (9.3) | 0.008 |
| (1–3 times a month) | 3361 (12.6) | 19 622 (11.6) | 0.031 | 3361 (12.6) | 12 447 (12.4) | <0.001 | 1468 (11.9) | 9311 (11.1) | 0.027 | 1468 (11.9) | 5410 (11.6) | 0.003 |
| (1–2 times a week) | 8320 (31.2) | 47 166 (27.8) | 0.073 | 8320 (31.2) | 30 857 (30.8) | <0.001 | 3782 (30.7) | 23 187 (27.5) | 0.069 | 3782 (30.7) | 14 090 (30.2) | 0.002 |
| (3–4 times a week) | 5811 (21.8) | 44 771 (26.4) | −0.112 | 5811 (21.8) | 22 779 (22.7) | −0.001 | 2821 (22.9) | 22 882 (27.2) | −0.101 | 2821 (22.9) | 11 119 (23.8) | −0.003 |
| ((Almost) daily) | 4640 (17.4) | 35 641 (21.0) | −0.096 | 4640 (17.4) | 18 363 (18.3) | −0.006 | 2296 (18.6) | 18 092 (21.5) | −0.074 | 2296 (18.6) | 9114 (19.5) | −0.007 |
| Triglyc. (mmol/l), mean (SD) | 1.78 (1.10) | 1.70 (1.02) | 0.074 | 1.78 (1.10) | 1.77 (1.06) | 0.002 | 1.77 (1.09) | 1.68 (1.01) | 0.089 | 1.77 (1.09) | 1.77 (1.06) | −0.003 |
| LDL (mmol/l), mean (SD) | 3.59 (0.83) | 3.57 (0.83) | 0.024 | 3.59 (0.83) | 3.59 (0.84) | <0.001 | 3.60 (0.83) | 3.58 (0.83) | 0.034 | 3.60 (0.83) | 3.60 (0.84) | 0.006 |
| HDL (mmol/l), mean (SD) | 1.41 (0.36) | 1.45 (0.37) | −0.112 | 1.41 (0.36) | 1.41 (0.37) | 0.006 | 1.41 (0.36) | 1.46 (0.38) | −0.145 | 1.41 (0.36) | 1.41 (1.37) | 0.005 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 27.63 (4.59) | 27.21 (4.69) | 0.090 | 27.63 (4.59) | 27.55 (4.73) | 0.002 | 27.59 (4.49) | 27.05 (4.64) | 0.121 | 27.59 (4.49) | 27.49 (4.70) | 0.006 |
| Hypertension (%) | 7129 (26.7) | 40 721 (24.0) | 0.062 | 7129 (26.7) | 26 361 (26.3) | 0.001 | 3257 (26.5) | 20 002 (23.7) | 0.062 | 3257 (26.5) | 12 162 (26.1) | <0.001 |
| TDI, mean (SD) | −0.90 (3.07) | −1.70 (2.80) | 0.261 | −0.90 (3.07) | −1.14 (3.01) | −0.011 | −1.15 (2.97) | −1.83 (2.72) | 0.229 | −1.15 (2.97) | −1.35 (2.91) | 0.013 |
| Respiratory disease (%) | 3795 (14.2) | 24 095 (14.2) | −0.001 | 3795 (14.2) | 14 189 (14.2) | −0.001 | 1684 (13.7) | 11 732 (13.9) | 0.007 | 1684 (13.7) | 6377 (13.7) | −0.001 |
Because participants with missing values were excluded before PSM, there was no missingness of baseline covariates.
BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SMD, standardised mean difference between exposed and unexposed participants; TDI, Townsend Deprivation Index; Triglyc., triglycerides.