Mortality ORs from selected causes of death by age group and birth cohort among 235 550 deceased US coal miners participating in the federal Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Programme or applying for Federal Black Lung Programme benefits, 1970–2017
| NMRD* | Pneumoconioses† | CLRD‡ | Lung Cancer§ | IHD¶ | |||||||
| (n=47 932) | (n=17 207) | (n=20 201) | (n=22 833) | (n=58 900) | |||||||
| Birth cohort and age group | N | MOR | 95% CI | MOR | 95% CI | MOR | 95% CI | MOR | 95% CI | MOR | 95% CI |
| <1920 | 158 885 | ||||||||||
| <65 | 3626 | 2.66 | (2.43 to 2.91) | 149.3 | (129.59 to 171.94) | 1.52 | (1.33 to 1.75) | 1.27 | (1.16 to 1.39) | 0.85 | (0.80 to 0.91) |
| 65–74 | 37 212 | 2.46 | (2.40 to 2.52) | 157.5 | (151.58 to 163.67) | 1.46 | (1.41 to 1.52) | 1.21 | (1.17 to 1.25) | 0.86 | (0.84 to 0.88) |
| ≥75 | 118 047 | 2.03 | (2.01 to 2.06) | 270.1 | (264.07 to 276.24) | 1.66 | (1.63 to 1.70) | 1.31 | (1.28 to 1.34) | 0.89 | (0.88 to 0.90) |
| 1920–1929 | 42 992 | ||||||||||
| <65 | 10 970 | 2.72 | (2.58 to 2.87) | 222.75 | (204.08 to 243.12) | 1.87 | (1.73 to 2.02) | 1.27 | (1.21 to 1.33) | 0.94 | (0.91 to 0.98) |
| 65–74 | 14 079 | 2.28 | (2.19 to 2.37) | 390.24 | (365.80 to 416.32) | 1.42 | (1.34 to 1.51) | 1.29 | (1.24 to 1.35) | 0.91 | (0.88 to 0.95) |
| ≥75 | 17 943 | 2.33 | (2.25 to 2.41) | 658.44 | (622.44 to 696.53) | 1.68 | (1.60 to 1.76) | 1.38 | (1.31 to 1.46) | 0.94 | (0.91 to 0.97) |
| 1930–1939 | 15 742 | ||||||||||
| <65 | 5966 | 2.09 | (1.92 to 2.26) | 263.50 | (228.61 to 303.71) | 1.51 | (1.34 to 1.70) | 1.40 | (1.31 to 1.49) | 1.04 | (0.99 to 1.10) |
| 65–74 | 5129 | 2.31 | (2.16 to 2.47) | 472.40 | (421.57 to 529.36) | 1.50 | (1.37 to 1.65) | 1.30 | (1.21 to 1.40) | 0.90 | (0.84 to 0.95) |
| ≥75 | 4647 | 2.18 | (2.04 to 2.33) | 650.19 | (574.86 to 735.39) | 1.68 | (1.54 to 1.84) | 1.45 | (1.32 to 1.59) | 0.89 | (0.83 to 0.96) |
| 1940–1970 | 17 931 | ||||||||||
| <65 | 12 453 | 1.90 | (1.79 to 2.02) | 384.41 | (340.96 to 433.40) | 1.45 | (1.33 to 1.58) | 1.38 | (1.31 to 1.46) | 1.02 | (0.98 to 1.06) |
| 65–74 | 5139 | 1.80 | (1.67 to 1.93) | 389.51 | (335.28 to 452.53) | 1.33 | (1.21 to 1.46) | 1.17 | (1.08 to 1.27) | 0.92 | (0.86 to 0.98) |
| ≥75 | 339 | 1.60 | (1.22 to 2.09) | 490.30 | (261.34 to 919.85) | 1.21 | (0.85 to 1.74) | 1.25 | (0.89 to 1.77) | 0.98 | (0.76 to 1.26) |
Study population is restricted to those aged 45 years or older at time of death.
*Non-malignant respiratory disease (ICD-9 codes 460–519; ICD-10 codes J00–J99).
†Includes coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, silicosis, and pneumoconiosis resulting from exposure to inorganic dusts (ICD-9 codes 500, 502, 503, 505; ICD-10 codes J60–J62, J64); excludes asbestosis.
‡Chronic lower respiratory diseases includes ICD-9 codes 490–494, 496; ICD-10 codes J40–J47.
§Lung cancer includes ICD-9 codes 161–162; ICD-10 codes C32–C34.
¶Ischaemic heart disease includes ICD-9 code 410–414; ICD-10 codes I20–I25.
ICD, International Classification of Diseases.