Table 4

Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between nature exposure and antihypertensive medication use

	Antihypertensive medication use*
	Model 1†		Model 2‡		Model 3§
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Amount of residential green space¶ (n=6031)	1.01	0.95 to 1.07	0.99	0.94 to 1.06	0.99	0.93 to 1.05
Frequency of green space visits (n=5928)
Never/<1 time per week	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
1–2 times/week	0.83	0.69 to 1.00	0.84	0.70 to 1.02	0.84	0.69 to 1.02
3–4 times/week	0.63	0.52 to 0.76	0.64	0.53 to 0.78	0.64	0.52 to 0.78
≥5 times/week	0.60	0.49 to 0.74	0.60	0.48 to 0.74	0.59	0.48 to 0.74
Green view from home (n=5982)
No	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
Yes, I look at it seldom/occasionally	1.07	0.89 to 1.30	1.08	0.89 to 1.31	1.07	0.88 to 1.30
Yes, I look at it often	0.94	0.79 to 1.12	0.95	0.80 to 1.14	0.94	0.79 to 1.13
Amount of residential blue space (n=6031)
0%	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
>0%–10%	1.02	0.88 to 1.19	1.03	0.89 to 1.19	1.03	0.88 to 1.19
>10%	0.93	0.78 to 1.12	1.00	0.82 to 1.21	0.97	0.80 to 1.19
Blue view from home (n=5993)
No	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
Yes, I look at it seldom/occasionally	0.83	0.59 to 1.17	0.86	0.61 to 1.21	0.85	0.60 to 1.21
Yes, I look at it often	0.83	0.66 to 1.05	0.88	0.69 to 1.12	0.86	0.68 to 1.10

*Based on the question ’When was the last time you used the following medication?’ Within the last week/1–4 weeks ago/1–12 months ago=YES; never/more than a year ago=NO.
†Model 1 (crude) adjusted for age and sex.
‡Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, employment status, annual household income, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity at work, using recreational property during warm season and area-level annual mean income.
§Model 3 (main) adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, employment status, annual household income, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity at work, using recreational property during warm season, area-level annual mean income, road traffic noise and NO₂ from road traffic.
¶Within a 1 km radius around the respondent’s home, calculated for 10% increase.