Covariates according to levels of job control and job demands among men and women
| Covariates | Control | Demands | ||||||||
| Low | Med Low | Med | Med High | High | Low | Med Low | Med | Med High | High | |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| Age group | ||||||||||
| 30–39 | 103 431 (35) | 111 360 (37) | 90 620 (32) | 102 359 (33) | 95 336 (32) | 103 415 (34) | 102 081 (36) | 113 512 (38) | 98 057 (33) | 86 041 (29) |
| 40–49 | 119 406 (40) | 113 695 (38) | 109 171 (38) | 116 203 (38) | 113 307 (38) | 121 274 (40) | 110 510 (38) | 111 029 (37) | 114 009 (38) | 114 960 (39) |
| 50–60 | 75 876 (25) | 76 268 (25) | 86 033 (30) | 87 576 (29) | 88 000 (30) | 81 287 (27) | 74 899 (26) | 75 144 (25) | 88 363 (29) | 94 060 (32) |
| Born outside Sweden | 56 515 (20) | 42 307 (14) | 26 450 (9) | 22 612 (7) | 21 554 (7) | 53 423 (17) | 31 074 (11) | 25 124 (8) | 28 559 (10) | 34 256 (12) |
| Education* | ||||||||||
| <9 | 83 920 (28) | 63 693 (21) | 40 338 (14) | 32 256 (12) | 13 668 (5) | 77 921 (26) | 57 116 (20) | 31 178 (15) | 45 358 (15) | 25 305 (9) |
| 10–11 | 135 339 (45) | 127 290 (42) | 111 368 (39) | 96 154 (31) | 37 058 (13) | 146 664 (48) | 134 647 (50) | 85 723 (29) | 85 611 (29) | 54 564 (19) |
| 12 | 45 721 (15) | 45 213 (15) | 45 713 (16) | 58 657 (19) | 37 735 (13) | 48 321 (16) | 45 603 (16) | 49 609 (17) | 48 984 (16) | 40 522 (14) |
| 13–15 | 19 837 (7) | 28 186 (9) | 41 398 (15) | 65 471 (21) | 63 533 (21) | 21 476 (7) | 23 792 (8) | 70 615 (24) | 54 452 (18) | 48 090 (16) |
| >15 | 12 686 (4) | 36 197 (12) | 46 362 (16) | 50 014 (16) | 143 840 (49) | 10 676 (4) | 25 655 (9) | 61 893 (21) | 65 329 (22) | 125 546 (43) |
| Civil status | ||||||||||
| Unmarried | 129 724 (43) | 132 292 (44) | 107 552 (38) | 111 242 (36) | 87 767 (30) | 135 992 (44) | 122 261 (43) | 119 628 (40) | 106 412 (35) | 84 284 (29) |
| Married | 126 907 (42) | 131 701 (44) | 144 223 (50) | 160 849 (53) | 180 378 (61) | 129 253 (42) | 130 943 (46) | 149 702 (50) | 156 878 (52) | 177 282 (60) |
| Divorced | 40 699 (14) | 35 901 (12) | 32 570 (11) | 32 533 (11) | 27 070 (9) | 39 204 (13) | 32 902 (11) | 29 047 (10) | 35 608 (12) | 32 012 (11) |
| Widowed | 1383 (0) | 1429 (0) | 1479 (1) | 1514 (0) | 1428 (0) | 1527 (1) | 1384 (0) | 1308 (0) | 1531 (1) | 1483 (1) |
| Has children | 144 413 (48) | 150 900 (50) | 153 186 (54) | 164 202 (54) | 167 546 (56) | 148 147 (48) | 147 897 (51) | 158 184 (53) | 158 905 (53) | 167 114 (57) |
| Previous attempt | 4986 (2) | 4388 (1) | 3050 (1) | 2488 (1) | 1495 (1) | 5392 (2) | 3564 (1) | 2475 (1) | 2836 (1) | 2140 (1) |
| Previous psych | 18 741 (6) | 16 760 (6) | 12 236 (4) | 10 440 (3) | 6507 (2) | 20 859 (7) | 13 394 (5) | 10 417 (3) | 11 350 (4) | 8664 (3) |
| Parents SEP† | ||||||||||
| Unskilled | 97 608 (33) | 92 990 (31) | 74 311 (26) | 76 304 (25) | 54 153 (18) | 99 202 (32) | 88 136 (31) | 73 198 (24) | 77 306 (26) | 57 524 (20) |
| skilled | 60 252 (20) | 69 851 (23) | 65 592 (23) | 66 150 (22) | 48 122 (16) | 71 468 (23) | 73 405 (26) | 61 001 (20) | 55 910 (19) | 48 183 (16) |
| Assistant | 22 185 (7) | 26 413 (9) | 29 411 (10) | 36 224 (12) | 39 592 (13) | 21 138 (7) | 23 520 (8) | 34 086 (11) | 36 037 (12) | 39 044 (13) |
| Intermediate | 30 600 (10) | 40 489 (13) | 46 363 (16) | 64 755 (21) | 81 553 (27) | 32 598 (11) | 39 586 (14) | 63 950 (21) | 59 004 (20) | 68 622 (23) |
| Higher | 7322 (2) | 10 583 (4) | 16 289 (6) | 19 726 (6) | 35 946 (12) | 6539 (2) | 8841 (3) | 20 669 (7) | 20 800 (7) | 33 017 (11) |
| Farmer | 16 288 (5) | 13 861 (5) | 22 914 (8) | 15 971 (5) | 12 071 (4) | 16 101 (5) | 17 930 (6) | 17 840 (6) | 18 048 (6) | 11 186 (4) |
| No SEP | 64 458 (22) | 47 136 (16) | 30 944 (11) | 27 008 (9) | 25 206 (9) | 58 930 (19) | 36 072 (13) | 28 941 (10) | 33 324 (11) | 37 485 (13) |
| Parents’ psych | 8677 (3) | 9546 (3) | 7835 (3) | 8496 (3) | 6890 (2) | 9840 (3) | 8388 (3) | 8381 (3) | 7992 (3) | 7203 (2) |
| Unemployed‡ | 9635 (3) | 10 218 (3) | 6240 (2) | 6452 (2) | 4413 (1) | 10 835 (4) | 7503 (3) | 6037 (2) | 7254 (2) | 5329 (2) |
| Sick leave‡ | 19 184 (6) | 16 779 (6) | 14 574 (5) | 11 792 (4) | 6862 (2) | 20 052 (7) | 14 533 (5) | 11 169 (4) | 12 784 (4) | 10 653 (4) |
| Women | ||||||||||
| Age group | ||||||||||
| 30–40 | 84 076 (32) | 106 285 (33) | 105 466 (31) | 91 203 (30) | 107 528 (35) | 93 709 (32) | 102 407 (33) | 98 041 (31) | 107 570 (35) | 92 831 (30) |
| 41–50 | 101 130 (39) | 128 418 (40) | 130 433 (39) | 117 455 (38) | 117 121 (38) | 115 156 (39) | 114 133 (37) | 129 347 (41) | 117 189 (39) | 118 732 (39) |
| 51–60 | 73 970 (29) | 88 581 (27) | 99 200 (30) | 97 199 (32) | 81 256 (27) | 86 909 (29) | 91 864 (30) | 86 782 (28) | 79 403 (26) | 95 248 (39) |
| Born outside Sweden | 53 237 (21) | 50 877 (16) | 32 839 (10) | 29 321 (10) | 27 342 (9) | 50 920 (17) | 45 493 (15) | 40 047 (13) | 26 504 (9) | 30 652 (10) |
| Education* | ||||||||||
| >9 | 70 808 (27) | 39 807 (12) | 14 979 (5) | 26 384 (9) | 10 758 (4) | 68 432 (23) | 53 301 (17) | 20 664 (7) | 14 713 (5) | 5626 (2) |
| 10–11 | 106 242 (41) | 171 153 (53) | 73 557 (22) | 101 863 (33) | 43 527 (14) | 125 991 (43) | 132 525 (43) | 159 999 (51) | 50 364 (17) | 27 463 (9) |
| 12 | 40 262 (16) | 66 611 (21) | 38 645 (12) | 58 641 (19) | 38 900 (13) | 53 568 (18) | 59 595 (19) | 70 318 (22) | 40 310 (13) | 19 268 (6) |
| 13–15 | 23 162 (9) | 24 010 (7) | 95 858 (29) | 45 834 (15) | 67 428 (22) | 26 654 (9) | 33 998 (11) | 37 157 (12) | 95 108 (31) | 63 375 (21) |
| >15 | 17 834 (7) | 21 199 (7) | 111 905 (33) | 72 882 (24) | 144 967 (47) | 20 336 (7) | 28 398 (9) | 25 837 (8) | 103 438 (34) | 190 778 (62) |
| Civil status | ||||||||||
| Unmarried | 82 923 (32) | 100 518 (31) | 92 956 (28) | 91 071 (30) | 93 087 (30) | 95 679 (32) | 97 284 (32) | 93 858 (30) | 94 705 (31) | 79 029 (26) |
| Married | 129 676 (50) | 161 524 (50) | 194 072 (58) | 164 169 (54) | 167 890 (55) | 146 841 (50) | 155 893 (51) | 168 112 (54) | 164 031 (54) | 182 454 (59) |
| Divorced | 41 819 (16) | 55 763 (17) | 43 707 (13) | 46 215 (15) | 41 589 (14) | 48 044 (16) | 49 875 (16) | 47 606 (15) | 42 027 (14) | 41 541 (14) |
| Widowed | 4758 (2) | 5479 (2) | 4364 (1) | 4402 (1) | 3339 (1) | 5210 (2) | 5352 (2) | 4594 (1) | 3399 (1) | 3787 (1) |
| Has children | 147 199 (57) | 193 251 (60) | 211 005 (63) | 172 152 (56) | 176 931 (58) | 164 712 (56) | 175 379 (57) | 190 851 (61) | 182 047 (60) | 187 549 (61) |
| Previous attempt | 5531 (2) | 8603 (3) | 4445 (1) | 5214 (2) | 3416 (1) | 6558 (2) | 6955 (2) | 6094 (2) | 3977 (1) | 3625 (1) |
| Previous psych | 14 045 (5) | 21 240 (7) | 13 991 (4) | 13 773 (5) | 10 212 (3) | 16 784 (6) | 17 773 (6) | 15 877 (5) | 11 575 (4) | 11 252 (4) |
| Parents SEP† | ||||||||||
| Unskilled | 79 133 (31) | 100 866 (31) | 85 426 (25) | 79 200 (26) | 59 273 (19) | 89 187 (30) | 90 501 (29) | 93 470 (30) | 69 081 (23) | 61 659 (20) |
| Skilled | 56 199 (22) | 74 615 (23) | 71 332 (21) | 64 443 (21) | 51 691 (17) | 65 674 (22) | 67 821 (22) | 72 303 (23) | 58 392 (19) | 54 090 (18) |
| Assistant | 18 948 (7) | 25 677 (8) | 37 168 (11) | 34 637 (11) | 38 455 (13) | 24 247 (8) | 27 473 (9) | 28 479 (9) | 37 676 (12) | 37 010 (12) |
| Intermediate | 27 473 (11) | 36 500 (11) | 63 915 (19) | 56 130 (18) | 77 888 (25) | 36 154 (12) | 42 455 (14) | 44 380 (14) | 68 633 (23) | 70 284 (23) |
| Higher | 6569 (3) | 8507 (3) | 19 627 (6) | 20 171 (7) | 33 837 (11) | 8902 (3) | 11 413 (4) | 11 474 (4) | 25 752 (8) | 31 169 (10) |
| Farmer | 14 211 (5) | 19 909 (6) | 20 688 (6) | 17 449 (6) | 14 469 (5) | 16 136 (5) | 17 626 (6) | 19 119 (6) | 15 206 (5) | 18 639 (6) |
| No SEP | 56 643 (22) | 57 210 (18) | 36 943 (11) | 33 827 (11) | 30 292 (10) | 55 474 (19) | 51 115 (17) | 44 944 (14) | 29 422 (10) | 33 960 (11) |
| Parents’ psych | 7003 (3) | 10 109 (3) | 8466 (3) | 8301 (3) | 7535 (2) | 8341 (3) | 8855 (3) | 9046 (3) | 8088 (3) | 7084 (2) |
| Unemployed‡ | 6966 (3) | 6627 (2) | 4527 (1) | 6170 (2) | 4590 (2) | 8447 (3) | 8399 (3) | 4972 (2) | 4427 (1) | 2635 (1) |
| Sick leave‡ | 31 945 (12) | 44 354 (14) | 38 116 (11) | 31 693 (10) | 22 535 (7) | 37 183 (13) | 38 252 (12) | 38 051 (12) | 29 233 (10) | 25 924 (8) |
*<9=compulsory school or less, 10–11=less than 3 years of upper secondary school, 12=3 years of upper secondary school, 13–15=less than 3 years of university, >15=more than 3 years of university.
†Parents SE: unskilled=unskilled manual workers, skilled=skilled manual workers, assistant=assistant non-manual employees, intermediate=non-manual employees at intermediate level, higher=non-manual employees at higher level, no SEP=no parental occupation reported.
‡Unemployment and sick leave refer to any period of unemployment 300 days in one calendar year between 2001 and 2005.
SEP, socioeconomic position.