Characteristics of the study population, N=1137
| Variables | n (%) or mean±SD |
| Maternal characteristics | |
| Age at delivery (years) | 23.0±4.2 |
| BMI at enrolment (kg/m2) | 20.4±3.2 |
| Monthly household income (taka) | |
| ≤3000 | 193 (17.0) |
| 3001–4000 | 304 (26.7) |
| 4001–5000 | 340 (29.9) |
| 5001–6000 | 169 (14.9) |
| >6000 | 131 (11.5) |
| Secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy | |
| Yes | 478 (42.0) |
| No | 659 (58.0) |
| Study site | |
| Pabna | 560 (49.2) |
| Sirajdikhan | 577 (50.8) |
| Type of cooking biomass fuel | |
| Crop residues | 344 (30.3) |
| Fuelwood | 793 (69.7) |
| Time spent cooking, per day | 2.5±0.7 |
| Neonatal characteristics | |
| Gestational age at birth (weeks) | 38.0±1.9 |
| Birth weight (g) | 2837±408 |
| Birth length (cm) | 46.6±2.4 |
| Head circumference (cm)* | 32.7±1.2 |
| Birth gender | |
| Male | 571 (50.2) |
| Female | 566 (49.8) |
| Low birth weight | |
| Yes | 187 (16.5) |
| No | 950 (83.5) |
| Preterm birth | |
| Yes | 250 (22.0) |
| No | 887 (78.0) |
| SGA | |
| Yes | 213 (20.1) |
| No | 846 (79.9) |
| LGA | |
| Yes | 74 (8.0) |
| No | 846 (92.0) |
SGA excludes LGA, and LGA excludes SGA.
*N=1136 due to missing data.
LGA, large for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age.