Table 2

Prevalence of adverse mental health outcomes*

CharacteristicNN (% meeting cut-off score) (95% CI)Mean (95% CI)
Probable common mental disorders (CMDs)
(GHQ: cut-off ≥4, scale range: 0–12)
39672338 (58.9)
(58.1 to 60.8)
4.9 (4.7 to 5.0)
Probable anxiety
(GAD-7: cut-off ≥10, scale range: 0–28)
2471558 (23.2)
(21.3 to 25.3)
6.5 (6.3 to 6.8)
Probable depression
(PHQ-9: cut-off ≥10, scale range 0–36
2466665 (27.3)
(25.3 to 29.4)
7.1 (6.8 to 7.3)
Alcohol misuse
(AUDIT: cut-off ≥8, scale range 0–45)
2308278 (10.5)
(9.2 to 11.9)
3.5 (3.3 to 3.7)
Probable PTSD
(PCL-6: cut-off ≥14, scale range 6–30)
2447715 (30.2)
(28.1 to 32.5)
11.9 (11.7 to 12.2)
Moral injury
(MIES: no cut-off, scale range 9–54)
2399(no cut-off)15.5 (15.1 to 16.0)
  • GHQ was measured in the short survey, while the other measures were included in the optional longer survey, hence the difference in numbers completing each.

  • *Frequencies are unweighted, proportions and means are weighted.

  • AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test; GAD-7, seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder; GHQ, General Health Questionnaire; MIES, Moral Injury Event Scale; PCL-6, six-item Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder checklist; PHQ-9, nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire.