Adjusted relative rates (RR) and 2-year surveillance bias-adjusted RR of cancers in WTC-exposed male FDNY firefighters versus male CFHS firefighters, 11 September 2001–31 December 2016
| Site | Adj. RR (95% CI)* | Surveillance bias Adj. RR (95% CI)*† |
| All-cancer sites‡ | 1.13 (1.02 to 1.25) | 1.07 (0.96 to 1.18) |
| Prostate | 1.39 (1.19 to 1.63) | 1.28 (1.09 to 1.51) |
| Lung | 0.87 (0.57 to 1.33) | 0.77 (0.50 to 1.19) |
| Kidney | 0.82 (0.52 to 1.30) | 0.75 (0.47 to 1.20) |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 1.26 (0.80 to 2.00) | 1.21 (0.75 to 1.94) |
| Melanoma (skin)§ | 1.12 (0.80 to 1.57) | N/A |
| Thyroid | 2.53 (1.37 to 4.70) | 2.11 (1.14 to 3.90) |
*Regression models adjusted for age on 11 September 2001 and race/ethnicity.
†Diagnosis dates of some FDNY cancer cases (N=204) delayed by 2 years to account for potential surveillance bias.
‡All malignant cancers (multiple primaries), and in situ bladder cancers.
§Analysis restricted to white males (N=16 238) due to low case counts in other race/ethnic groups.
CFHS, Career Firefighter Health Study; FDNY, Fire Department of the City of New York; NA, not available; WTC, World Trade Center.