Incident cases and age-standardised incidence rate of pneumoconiosis in 1990 and 2017, and its temporal trends from 1990 to 2017
| Characteristics | 1990 | 2017 | 1990–2017 AAPC n (95% CI) | ||
| Incident cases n (95% UI) | ASIR per 100 000 n (95% UI) | Incident cases n (95% UI) | ASIR per 100 000 n (95% UI) | ||
| Overall | 36 186 (32 504 to 40 004) | 0.86 (0.78 to 0.95) | 60 055 (53 088 to 67 017) | 0.75 (0.66 to 0.84) | −0.6 (−0.6 to −0.5) |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 32 359 (28 959 to 35 915) | 1.70 (1.52 to 1.88) | 53 730 (47 417 to 60 282) | 1.45 (1.28 to 1.62) | −0.6 (−0.7 to −0.6) |
| Female | 3827 (3332 to 4377) | 0.17 (0.15 to 0.19) | 6324 (5456 to 7240) | 0.15 (0.13 to 0.17) | −0.7 (−0.8 to −0.6) |
| SDI | |||||
| High SDI | 7070 (6437 to 7730) | 0.55 (0.50 to 0.60) | 11 333 (10 285 to 12 460) | 0.52 (0.48 to 0.57) | −0.2 (−0.3 to −0.2) |
| High-middle SDI | 10 005 (8756 to 11 258) | 1.03 (0.91 to 1.16) | 15 973 (13 645 to 18 382) | 0.90 (0.77 to 1.03) | −0.6 (−0.7 to −0.5) |
| Middle SDI | 12 818 (11 367 to 14 412) | 1.28 (1.13 to 1.44) | 21 481 (18 865 to 24 497) | 0.98 (0.86 to 1.12) | −1.0 (−1.1 to −1.0) |
| Low-middle SDI | 3930 (3551 to 4329) | 0.67 (0.60 to 0.74) | 7087 (6298 to 7936) | 0.60 (0.53 to 0.67) | −0.5 (−0.5 to −0.4) |
| Low SDI | 2020 (1817 to 2242) | 0.62 (0.56 to 0.68) | 3619 (3186 to 4098) | 0.51 (0.45 to 0.57) | −0.9 (−0.9 to −0.8) |
| Causes | |||||
| Silicosis | 14 973 (12 402 to 17 714) | 0.36 (0.30 to 0.42) | 23 695 (19 069 to 28 969) | 0.30 (0.24 to 0.36) | −0.8 (−0.9 to −0.7) |
| Asbestosis | 4337 (3492 to 5494) | 0.10 (0.08 to 0.13) | 9397 (7652 to 11 637) | 0.12 (0.10 to 0.15) | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.6) |
| Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis | 9816 (7995 to 12 542) | 0.24 (0.19 to 0.30) | 15 080 (12 004 to 19 799) | 0.19 (0.15 to 0.25) | −0.9 (−0.9 to −0.8) |
| Other pneumoconiosis | 7061 (5956 to 8320) | 0.17 (0.14 to 0.20) | 11 883 (9900 to 14 278) | 0.15 (0.12 to 0.18) | −0.5 (−0.5 to −0.5) |
| Region | |||||
| East Asia | 20 158 (17 620 to 22 838) | 2.12 (1.86 to 2.41) | 33 954 (29 050 to 39 105) | 1.66 (1.43 to 1.91) | −0.9 (−1.0 to −0.9) |
| Southeast Asia | 986 (850 to 1142) | 0.36 (0.31 to 0.42) | 2357 (2015 to 2744) | 0.39 (0.34 to 0.46) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.4) |
| Oceania | 41 (36 to 46) | 1.39 (1.24 to 1.57) | 95 (81 to 112) | 1.45 (1.24 to 1.69) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.3) |
| Central Asia | 167 (144 to 193) | 0.34 (0.29 to 0.39) | 229 (195 to 269) | 0.30 (0.26 to 0.35) | −0.5 (−0.5 to −0.5) |
| Central Europe | 1278 (1167 to 1404) | 0.85 (0.78 to 0.93) | 1150 (1015 to 1298) | 0.59 (0.52 to 0.66) | −1.5 (−1.6 to −1.4) |
| Eastern Europe | 1411 (1265 to 1581) | 0.50 (0.45 to 0.55) | 1213 (1046 to 1407) | 0.37 (0.32 to 0.43) | −1.2 (−1.3 to −1.1) |
| High-income Asia Pacific | 1519 (1352 to 1705) | 0.74 (0.66 to 0.82) | 2509 (2176 to 2868) | 0.54 (0.47 to 0.61) | −1.3 (−1.4 to −1.2) |
| Australasia | 79 (68 to 92) | 0.32 (0.28 to 0.37) | 248 (217 to 280) | 0.48 (0.42 to 0.54) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) |
| Western Europe | 1735 (1529 to 1931) | 0.28 (0.25 to 0.32) | 1398 (1218 to 1594) | 0.14 (0.13 to 0.16) | −2.5 (−2.7 to −2.2) |
| Southern Latin America | 199 (179 to 223) | 0.43 (0.39 to 0.48) | 349 (299 to 404) | 0.42 (0.36 to 0.49) | −0.2 (−0.2 to −0.1) |
| High-income North America | 1965 (1736 to 2221) | 0.55 (0.49 to 0.63) | 3724 (3294 to 4194) | 0.62 (0.55 to 0.69) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.6) |
| Caribbean | 37 (32 to 44) | 0.14 (0.12 to 0.16) | 67 (55 to 79) | 0.13 (0.11 to 0.16) | −0.2 (−0.3 to −0.1) |
| Andean Latin America | 78 (69 to 86) | 0.37 (0.34 to 0.41) | 169 (140 to 206) | 0.31 (0.26 to 0.38) | −0.5 (−0.7 to −0.4) |
| Central Latin America | 753 (667 to 842) | 0.79 (0.70 to 0.88) | 1502 (1295 to 1721) | 0.63 (0.54 to 0.72) | −0.9 (−1.0 to −0.8) |
| Tropical Latin America | 506 (449 to 567) | 0.53 (0.47 to 0.60) | 966 (856 to 1084) | 0.42 (0.37 to 0.47) | −0.6 (−0.7 to −0.5) |
| North Africa and Middle East | 709 (621 to 809) | 0.34 (0.30 to 0.38) | 1711 (1496 to 1972) | 0.36 (0.32 to 0.41) | 0.2 (0.2 to 0.3) |
| South Asia | 3471 (3082 to 3891) | 0.60 (0.53 to 0.66) | 6307 (5427 to 7291) | 0.48 (0.41 to 0.54) | −1.0 (−1.1 to −0.9) |
| Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 153 (136 to 172) | 0.68 (0.62 to 0.75) | 329 (287 to 375) | 0.62 (0.55 to 0.70) | −0.4 (−0.4 to −0.3) |
| Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 468 (420 to 524) | 0.60 (0.54 to 0.66) | 888 (777 to 1013) | 0.51 (0.45 to 0.59) | −0.7 (−0.7 to −0.6) |
| Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 307 (276 to 341) | 1.03 (0.92 to 1.14) | 514 (444 to 590) | 0.89 (0.77 to 1.02) | −0.3 (−0.4 to −0.2) |
| Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 166 (137 to 202) | 0.16 (0.13 to 0.19) | 376 (304 to 466) | 0.17 (0.14 to 0.21) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.3) |
AAPC, average annual percentage change of ASIR; ASIR, age-standardised incidence rate; SDI, sociodemographic index; UI, uncertainty interval.