Table 4

Linear mixed model with exposure to forward bending ≥60° at work (per 100 min) and change in low-back pain during follow-up (design 2)

		Model 1			Model 2			Model 3			Model 4			Model 5
		Observations=407/197/210			Observations=399/196/203			Observations=398/195/203			Observations=393/194/199			Observations=393/194/199
		Coefficient	95% CI	P value	Coefficient	95% CI	P value	Coefficient	95% CI	P value	Coefficient	95% CI	P value	Coefficient	95% CI	P value
Total	T2	−0.33	−1.24 to 0.58	0.475	−0.29	−1.20 to 0.61	0.528	−0.31	−1.22 to 0.59	0.497	−0.27	−1.18 to 0.63	0.552	−0.30	−1.21 to 0.60	0.510
	T3	−0.18	−1.07 to 0.71	0.697	−0.15	−1.04 to 0.74	0.735	−0.21	−1.11 to 0.69	0.644	−0.17	−1.07 to 0.72	0.708	−0.22	−1.12 to 0.67	0.625
	T4	0.29	−0.60 to 1.17	0.526	0.26	−0.62 to 1.15	0.560	0.19	−0.71 to 1.09	0.680	0.20	−0.70 to 1.09	0.668	0.14	−0.76 to 1.04	0.762
	T5	0.52	−0.47 to 1.51	0.301	0.59	−0.40 to 1.58	0.241	0.56	−0.43 to 1.55	0.266	0.60	−0.40 to 1.59	0.238	0.59	−0.41 to 1.58	0.246
Construction	T2	−0.62	−1.64 to 0.40	0.231	−0.64	−1.64 to 0.36	0.207	−0.70	−1.69 to 0.28	0.163	−0.74	−1.74 to 0.25	0.142	−0.75	−1.75 to 0.24	0.137
	T3	−0.62	−1.62 to 0.38	0.226	−0.67	−1.65 to 0.30	0.176	−0.81	−1.77 to 0.16	0.103	−0.78	−1.76 to 0.19	0.116	−0.79	−1.76 to 0.18	0.111
	T4	0.04	−0.96 to 1.03	0.941	−0.13	−1.11 to 0.84	0.789	−0.34	−1.32 to 0.64	0.498	−0.35	−1.34 to 0.63	0.483	−0.37	−1.34 to 0.62	0.460
	T5	0.28	−0.83 to 1.39	0.626	0.28	−0.81 to 1.36	0.619	0.20	−0.87 to 1.27	0.711	0.26	−0.82 to 1.34	0.635	0.26	−0.81 to 1.34	0.634
Healthcare	T2	1.64	−0.81 to 4.08	0.190	1.87	−0.62 to 4.36	0.141	1.96	−0.53 to 4.46	0.123	2.14	−0.41 to 4.70	0.100	1.97	−0.58 to 4.52	0.129
	T3	2.23	−0.29 to 4.89	0.081	2.66	−0.04 to 5.54	0.053	2.85	0.14 to 5.56	0.039	2.90	0.12 to 5.69	0.041	2.56	−0.23 to 5.35	0.072
	T4	1.22	−1.37 to 3.81	0.355	1.50	−1.19 to 4.18	0.275	1.58	−1.11 to 4.27	0.248	1.59	−1.14 to 3.33	0.253	1.34	−1.39 to 4.08	0.337
	T5	1.38	−1.47 to 4.23	0.342	1.50	−1.39 to 4.40	0.309	1.46	−1.43 to 4.36	0.322	1.51	−1.15 to 4.52	0.325	1.30	−1.70 to 4.31	0.395

T2: 6 months, T3: 12 months, T4: 18 months, T5: 24 months. Observations: total observations included in models for total/construction/healthcare; p≤0.05 in bold.
Dependent variable: change in pain between T1 and TX.
Independent variables: Model 1: forward bending at work (min/workday). Model 2: as model 1+age, gender, smoking, body mass index (BMI). Model 3: as model 2+heavy lifting. Model 4: as model 3+social climate, decision control, fair leadership, empowering leadership. Model 5: as model 4+objectively measured sitting at work (min/workday).