Table 1

Home care (HC) aides’ demographic characteristics and univariate relative risks (RR) of reporting verbal abuse in the past 12 months, Safe Home Care Survey, Massachusetts, USA

	Number of aides (n=954)	Verbal abuse in past 12 months*
	Number of aides (n=954)	Number reporting verbal abuse	RR	95% CI
Age (years)
>48	455	72	0.59	0.45 to 0.76
≤48†	476	128
Missing	23	6
Gender
Male	93	19	0.94	0.62 to 1.44
Female†	858	186
Missing	3	1
Race
Non-white or mixed race	399	80	0.90	0.69 to 1.17
White†	431	96
Missing	124	30
Hispanic/Latino
Yes	154	37	1.11	0.82 to 1.52
No†	760	164
Missing	40	5
Born outside the USA
Yes	383	78	0.91	0.71 to 1.17
No†	566	127
Missing	5	1
Immigrant within past 5 years
Yes	55	12	1.01	0.60 to 1.69
No†	892	193
Missing	7	1
Economic dependence on job
Yes‡	225	55	1.18	0.90 to 1.55
No†	729	151

*Defined as at least one incident of verbal abuse in the past 12 months.
†Referent.
‡Aides who reported that a reason they worked in their current HC job was because they could not find another job and/or they rely on it for health insurance.