Determinants of preterm (before 63 years) exit from paid employment after prolonged SA due to a shoulder lesion.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |
| RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | |
| Gender * | ||
| Women vs men | 0.85 (0.77 to 0.94) | 0.87 (0.76 to 0.98) |
| Age (years) † | 1.14 (1.13 to 1.15) | 1.14 (1.13 to 1.15) |
| Duration of SA | ||
| <30 calendar days | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 31–105 calendar days | 1.16 (1.03 to 1.30) | 1.11 (0.99 to 1.25) |
| 106–180 calendar days | 1.51 (1.25 to 1.83) | 1.25 (1.03 to 1.52) |
| >180 calendar days | 2.44 (2.10 to 2.84) | 1.59 (1.34 to 1.89) |
| Education | ||
| High | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Secondary | 1.30 (1.11 to 1.52) | 1.27 (1.07 to 1.50) |
| Primary | 1.31 (1.12 to 1.54) | 1.31 (1.10 to 1.57) |
| Region of Finland | ||
| Southern | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Western | 1.04 (0.89 to 1.21) | 0.99 (0.85 to 1.16) |
| Eastern | 1.03 (0.89 to 1.19) | 1.02 (0.88 to 1.18) |
| Northern | 1.22 (1.06 to 1.41) | 1.13 (0.98 to 1.31) |
| Sector of employment | ||
| Public sector | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Private sector | 1.08 (0.97 to 1.20) | 1.20 (1.07 to 1.35) |
| Other | 0.95 (0.97 to 1.20) | 0.79 (0.57 to 1.11) |
| Income | ||
| High | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 1.00 (0.88 to 1.13) | 0.86 (0.76 to 0.98) |
| Low | 1.23 (1.08 to 1.41) | 0.91 (0.79 to 1.05) |
| Work-related physical factors | ||
| Heavy lifting (yes/no) | 1.15 (1.02 to 1.30) | 1.15 (1.00 to 1.31) |
| Working with hands above shoulder level (yes/no) | 1.07 (0.95 to 1.21) | 1.09 (0.93 to 1.28) |
| Work requiring hand force (yes/no) | 1.01 (0.89 to 1.13) | 0.87 (0.74 to 1.03) |
| Work-related psychosocial factors | ||
| High job demand (yes vs no) | 1.00 (0.90 to 1.11) | 0.98 (0.87 to 1.09) |
| Low job control (yes vs no) | 0.99 (0.89 to 1.11) | 0.98 (0.87 to 1.11) |
| Sustained RTW | ||
| Yes vs no | 0.54 (0.49 to 0.60) | 0.65 (0.57 to 0.73) |
| Participation in vocational rehabilitation | ||
| Yes vs no | 2.53 (2.17 to 2.96) | 1.89 (1.60 to 2.23) |
Model 1: RRs and their 95% CI are adjusted for gender and age.
Model 2: RRs and their 95% CI are mutually adjusted (adjusted for all variables in the table).
*Adjusted only for age.
†Adjusted only for gender.
RR, relative risk; RTW, return to work; SA, sickness absence.