Table 4

Associations between work environment trajectories and latent smoking behaviour trajectory membership, adjusted for covariates

Work environment conditionHeavy smokerLight smokerFormer smoker
OR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)OR (95% CI)
Skill discretion
 Low vs high skill discretion1.67 (1.15 to 2.44)1.46 (0.91 to 2.35)1.38 (0.92 to 2.08)
 Medium vs high skill discretion1.61 (1.17 to 2.23)1.47 (0.98 to 2.23)1.14 (0.79 to 1.65)
Decision authority
 High vs low decision authority0.96 (0.76 to 1.21)0.78 (0.58 to 1.05)0.70 (0.54 to 0.92)
Psychological demands
 High vs low psychological demands1.37 (1.05 to 1.79)1.22 (0.91 to 1.65)1.34 (1.02 to 1.76)
Job insecurity
 High job insecurity vs low job insecurity1.20 (0.71 to 2.02)0.97 (0.44 to 2.17)1.63 (0.94 to 2.83)
 Decreasing job insecurity vs low job insecurity1.09 (0.81 to 1.47)1.11 (0.79 to 1.56)1.38 (0.99 to 1.91)
 Increasing job insecurity vs low job insecurity1.48 (0.96 to 2.26)1.09 (0.68 to 1.77)1.05 (0.69 to 1.62)
Physical exertion
 High vs low physical exertion2.52 (1.93 to 3.28)1.32 (0.98 to 1.77)1.34 (1.01 to 1.79)
 Increasing physical exertion vs low physical exertion1.50 (1.02 to 2.21)0.84 (0.52 to 1.38)0.78 (0.51 to 1.19)
 Decreasing physical exertion vs low physical exertion1.90 (1.36 to 2.65)1.21 (0.81 to 1.80)1.35 (0.94 to 1.93)
Social support
 Low vs high social support1.41 (1.11 to 1.79)1.09 (0.81 to 1.46)1.36 (0.98 to 1.88)
  • Each work environment dimension was explored in its own model.

  • Covariates in each model included race, sex, age, country of birth, marital status, dependent status, highest level of education obtained, province of residence, shift schedule, full-time employment and health restrictions in 1994.