Table 3

ORs (95% confidence intervals) for exit from paid employment due to any cause, non-health-related reasons, health reasons, unemployment and other reasons by the history of back pain

Number of phases with reported back pain	Exit from paid employment
Number of phases with reported back pain	Model 1*		Model 2†
Exit for any cause	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Back pain 1 vs 0 times	1.07	0.99 to 1.15	1.06	0.97 to 1.15
Back pain ≥2 vs 0 times	1.14	1.05 to 1.25	1.14	1.04 to 1.25
Non-health-related exit
1 vs 0	1.03	0.92 to 1.11	1.01	0.92 to 1.11
≥2 vs 0	1.07	0.96 to 1.20	1.07	0.96 to 1.21
Health-related exit
1 vs 0	1.20	0.96 to 1.50	1.15	0.89 to 1.49
≥2 vs 0	1.90	1.50 to 2.41	1.51	1.15 to 1.99
Exit for unemployment
1 vs 0	1.09	0.84 to 1.40	1.12	0.84 to 1.50
≥2 vs 0	1.13	0.84 to 1.51	1.07	0.76 to 1.50
Exit for other reasons
1 vs 0	1.03	0.82 to 1.29	1.12	0.87 to 1.43
≥2 vs 0	0.99	0.76 to1.29	1.08	0.81 to 1.44

*Model 1 adjusted for sex, age and study phase.
†Model 2 adjusted for sex, age, study phase, occupational grade, parental education, body mass index, job demands and job control.