The effect on musculoskeletal pain at follow-up from working conditions in participants with one or more pain sites at baseline
| Individual-level measurement | Job exposure matrix (JEM) | |||
| Difference in mean number of painful body regions* | P values | Difference in mean number of painful body regions* | P values | |
| Continuous exposures | ||||
| Physical work demands, per one point increase of score (8–48) | ||||
| Men | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.04 | <0.001 |
| Women | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.02 | <0.001 |
| Quantitative demands, per one point increase score (1–5) | ||||
| Men | −0.02 | 0.5407 | −0.63 | <0.001 |
| Women | −0.02 | 0.5256 | −0.28 | 0.0268 |
| Emotional demands, per one point increase of score (1–5) | ||||
| Men | 0.00 | 0.8444 | −0.07 | 0.3024 |
| Women | 0.03 | 0.2188 | 0.06 | 0.1801 |
| Decision authority, per one point increase of score (1–5) | ||||
| Men | −0.12 | 0.0001 | −0.48 | 0.0003 |
| Women | −0.08 | 0.0096 | −0.28 | 0.0857 |
| Dichotomous expsoures† | ||||
| Job strain | ||||
| Men | 0.08 | 0.1494 | −0.30 | 0.2181 |
| Women | 0.09 | 0.1979 | 0.22 | 0.5195 |
| High job insecurity | ||||
| Men | 0.05 | 0.5296 | 1.03 | 0.0011 |
| Women | 0.05 | 0.4322 | 0.27 | 0.4095 |
| Violence | ||||
| Men | 0.22 | 0.0943 | −0.04 | 0.8870 |
| Women | 0.16 | 0.0419 | 0.73 | 0.0002 |
↵*Adjusted for baseline musculoskeletal pain, age and education. The number of painful body regions ranges from 0 to 5.
†Association estimates for dichotomous exposures compare high versus low (violence and job strain: yes/no) in individual-level analyses and the risk associated with a 1% increased risk of exposure in JEM-level analyses.