Variable | Model1 | Model 2 | ||
% ∆ | 95% CI | % ∆ | 95% CI | |
Men | ||||
Maternal education | ||||
Low (≤12 years) | Ref | Ref | ||
Middle (trade/certificate) | −7 | −15 to 2 | −7 | −16 to 1 |
High (≥university) | −3 | −11 to 5 | −4 | −12 to 5 |
Paternal education | ||||
Low (≤12 years) | Ref | Ref | ||
Middle (trade/certificate) | −4 | −11 to 4 | −4 | −11 to 3 |
High (≥university) | 5 | −3 to 13 | 5 | −3 to 13 |
Maternal occupation | ||||
High (manager/professional) | Ref | Ref | ||
Middle (clerical) | −2 | −10 to 6 | −2 | −10 to 6 |
Low (labourer) | 8 | −2 to 18 | 8 | −3 to 19 |
No paid job | 2 | −6 to 10 | 2 | −6 to 10 |
Paternal occupation | ||||
High (manager/professional) | Ref | Ref | ||
Middle (clerical) | 9 | −5 to 23 | 9 | −5 to 23 |
Low (labourer) | −1 | −8 to 5 | −2 | −8 to 5 |
No paid job | −7 | −47 to 33 | −8 | −48 to 32 |
Rooms in home | ||||
≤7 rooms | Ref | Ref | ||
8–10 rooms | 4 | −3 to 11 | 4 | −4 to 11 |
>10 rooms | 5 | −2 to 13 | 6 | −2 to 14 |
House rental | ||||
Owned | Ref | Ref | ||
Rented | −3 | −13 to 7 | −3 | −13 to 7 |
Unsure | −5 | −53 to 44 | −6 | −54 to 43 |
Number of times moved house | ||||
0 times | Ref | Ref | ||
1–3 times | 3 | −3 to 10 | 3 | −4 to 10 |
3+ times | 0.5 | −9 to 8 | −1 | −9 to 8 |
Siblings | ||||
0–1 | Ref | Ref | ||
2–3 | −3 | −10 to 4 | −3 | −10 to 4 |
3+ | −6 | −12 to 1 | −6 | −12 to 1 |
Area socioeconomic status | ||||
Low | Ref | Ref | ||
Mid-low | −0.11 | −23 to 2 | −11 | −24 to 2 |
Mid high | −0.14 | −27 to −1 | −14 | −27 to −1 |
High | −0.11 | −24 to 2 | −11 | −24 to 2 |
Women | ||||
Maternal education | ||||
Low (≤12 years) | Ref | Ref | ||
Middle (trade/certificate) | 2 | −4 to 9 | −0.5 | −7 to 6 |
High (≥university) | 7 | −0.5 to 14 | 2 | −5 to 9 |
Paternal education | ||||
Low (≤12 years) | Ref | Ref | ||
Middle (trade/certificate) | −1 | −8 to 5 | −1 | −8 to 5 |
High (≥university) | 0.5 | −6 to 7 | −4 | −11 to 3 |
Maternal occupation | ||||
High (manager/professional) | Ref | Ref | ||
Middle (clerical) | −5 | −12 to 2 | −2 | −9 to 5 |
Low (labourer) | −4 | −12 to 5 | 2 | −6 to 10 |
No paid job | −7 | −14 to 0.2 | −3 | −10 to 4 |
Paternal occupation | ||||
High (manager/professional) | Ref | Ref | ||
Middle (clerical) | −17 | −29 to −5 | −12 | −24 to −0.3 |
Low (labourer) | −3 | −9 to 2 | 0.4 | −5 to 6 |
No paid job | −8 | −44 to 27 | −2 | −36 to 33 |
Rooms in home | ||||
≤7 rooms | Ref | Ref | ||
8–10 rooms | −3 | −9 to 4 | −4 | −11 to 2 |
>10 rooms | −0.1 | −7 to 6 | −3 | −10 to 3 |
House rental | ||||
Owned | Ref | Ref | ||
Rented | −3 | −11 to 5 | −2 | −10 to 6 |
Unsure | −7 | −42 to 29 | −15 | −49 to 20 |
Number of times moved house | ||||
0 times | Ref | Ref | ||
1–3 times | 6 | 0.5 to 12 | 4 | −1 to 10 |
3+ times | 2 | −5 to 10 | 1 | −6 to 8 |
Siblings | ||||
0–1 | Ref | Ref | ||
2–3 | 1 | −5 to 6 | 2 | −4 to 7 |
3+ | 0.1 | −6 to 6 | −0.5 | −6 to 5 |
Area socioeconomic status | ||||
Low | Ref | Ref | ||
Mid-low | 8 | −4 to 20 | 4 | −7 to 16 |
Mid high | −4 | −16 to 8 | −8 | −19 to 4 |
High | 3 | −9 to 16 | −3 | −15 to 9 |
Bold denotes p<0.05.
Ref, reference category; % Δ, percentage differences in effort–reward imbalance (ERI) between exposure categories due to log transformation of ERI measure in linear regression model with missing socioeconomic position variables replaced by multiple imputation.