Summary of results of multivariate regression between Monday morning and Friday afternoon stratified by whether ENPs were handled during the week (excluding high-CRP participant’s blood results)
| Parameter | Time | All participants | Non-asthmatic participants | ||||
| Not handled during week, mean (SD) | Handled during week, mean (SD) | Mean difference in change between groups (95% CI) | Not handled during week, mean (SD) | Handled during week, mean (SD) | Mean difference in change between groups (95% CI) | ||
| Blood results | n=41 | n=25 | n=33 | n=24 | |||
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | Monday morning | 13.8 (1.5) | 14.8 (1.1) | 13.6 (1.5) | 14.8 (1.1) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 13.8 (1.4) | 14.6 (1.1) | −0.1 (−0.4 to 0.3) | 13.7 (1.4) | 14.6 (1.1) | −0.02 (−0.4 to 0.4) | |
| Red cell count (×1012/L) | Monday morning | 4.5 (0.5) | 4.8 (0.4) | 4.5 (0.4) | 4.7 (0.4) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 4.5 (0.5) | 4.7 (0.4) | −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.01) | 4.5 (0.4) | 4.6 (0.4) | −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.04) | |
| White cell count (×109/L) | Monday morning | 6.1 (1.5) | 6.4 (1.4) | 6.1 (1.5) | 6.4 (1.5) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 7.0 (1.8) | 7.0 (1.6) | −0.1 (−0.8 to 0.7) | 7.0 (1.9) | 7.0 (1.6) | 0.001 (−0.9 to 0.9) | |
| Neutrophil (×109/L) | Monday morning | 3.7 (1.3) | 3.8 (1.0) | 3.7 (1.2) | 3.8 (1.1) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 4.1 (1.5) | 4.2 (1.1) | −0.1 (−0.8 to 0.7) | 4.2 (1.6) | 4.2 (1.2) | −0.1 (−1.0 to 0.7) | |
| Monocyte (109/L) | Monday morning | 0.47 (0.13) | 0.46 (0.14) | 0.47 (0.12) | 0.46 (0.14) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 0.52 (0.16) | 0.51 (0.14) | 0.01 (-0.05 to 0.07) | 0.52 (0.17) | 0.50 (0.14) | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.08) | |
| Platelets (×109/L) | Monday morning | 220.7 (45.6) | 213.8 (45.1) | 222.3 (44.9) | 212.2 (45.4) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 222.5 (43.7) | 221.4 (45.1) | 1.8 (−8.3 to 12.0) | 224.6 (42.9) | 218.9 (44.3) | −0.3 (−10.6 to 9.9) | |
| Cytokines (pg/mL) | n=41 | n=25 | mLn=31 | n=23 | |||
| sCD40 | Monday morning | 2987 (1659) | 3590 (1760) | 2869 (1406) | 3614 (1796) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 2445 (1626) | 4289 (2143) | 2152 (1103 to 3320) | 2587 (1752) | 4193 (2143) | 2036 (783 to 3290) | |
| sCD62P | Monday morning | 4808 (3061) | 6103 (2714) | 4842 (3067) | 6092 (2775) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 4984 (3017) | 6934 (3515) | 2021 (709 to 3332) | 5444 (2998) | 6877 (3587) | 1548 (100 to 2996) | |
| sTNFR2 | Monday morning | 2696 (1167) | 2839 (1045) | 2562 (981) | 2869 (1058) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 2346 (1095) | 2975 (1165) | 941 (351 to 1530) | 2354 (1143) | 2900 (1134) | 1003 (328 to 1679) | |
| CRP (mg/L) | n=42 | n=25 | n=32 | n=24 | |||
| CRP, median (IQR) and ratio* | Monday morning | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.6) | 0.3 (0.3 to 1.4) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.7) | 0.4 (0.3 to 1.8) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.7) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.2) | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.8) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.7) | 0.5 (0.3 to 1.4) | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.8) | |
| Spirometry | n=50 | n=24 | n=40 | n=23 | |||
| FEV1 (L) | Monday morning | 3.16 (0.91) | 3.96 (0.85) | 3.10 (0.89) | 3.99 (0.85) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 3.27 (0.86) | 3.81 (0.95) | −0.08 (−0.28 to 0.11) | 3.22 (0.83) | 3.84 (0.96) | −0.04 9(−0.28 to 0.19) | |
| FVC (L) | Monday morning | 4.00 (1.07) | 4.81 (1.09) | 3.86 (0.98) | 4.84 (1.11) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 4.02 (0.99) | 4.74 (0.97) | 0.01 (−0.14 to 0.15) | 3.94 (0.91) | 4.77 (0.98) | 0.04 (−0.14 to 0.22) | |
| FEV1/FVC | Monday morning | 0.79 (0.10) | 0.83 (0.06) | 0.80 (0.09) | 0.83 (0.06) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 0.81 (0.07) | 0.80 (0.10) | −0.01 (−0.04 to 0.03) | 0.82 (0.07) | 0.80 (0.10) | −0.003 (−0.04 to 0.04) | |
| FeNO (ppb) | n=54 | n=26 | n=41 | n=25 | |||
| FeNO, median (IQR) and ratio* | Monday morning | 17 (12 to 24) | 20 (12 to 25) | 17 (13 to 22) | 17 (12 to 25) | ||
| Friday afternoon | 19 (14 to 24) | 20 (13 to 24) | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.1) | 18 (13 to 22) | 19 (13 to 24) | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.1) | |
Note that not all participants were present for both biological data collection sessions. Not all participants provided blood samples and some spirometry results were excluded because the data did not meet quality criteria.
All analyses adjusted for age, gender and smoking status. Spirometry results additionally adjusted for height.
*Ratio of geometric mean in the handled group to the geometric mean in the not handled group.
CRP, C-reactive protein; ENP, engineered nanoparticle; FeNO, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide.