HR and 95% CIs for all-cause mortality, and mortality from CVD, neoplasm and suicide, by occupational group, adjusted for covariates (2003, follow-up for mortality 2004–2008) for self-employed persons and employees in Sweden
| A: All-cause | B: CVD | C: Neoplasm | D: Suicide | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limited liability HR* (95% CI) | Sole proprietor HR (95% CI) | Limited liability HR (95% CI) | Sole proprietor HR (95% CI) | Limited liability HR (95% CI) | Sole proprietor HR (95% CI) | Limited liability HR (95% CI) | Sole proprietor HR (95% CI) | |
| Model 1† | 0.89 (0.84 to 0.94) | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.03) | 0.78 (0.7 to 0.86) | 0.97 (0.9 to 1.04) | 0.96 (0.9 to 1.03) | 1.05 (1 to 1.11) | 0.69 (0.53 to 0.9) | 1.09 (0.92 to 1.29) |
| p Value | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.10 | <0.01 | ||||
| Model 2‡ | 0.95 (0.9 to 1.00) | 1.00 (0.95 to 1.05) | 0.84 (0.75 to 0.94) | 0.96 (0.88 to 1.04) | 0.99 (0.92 to 1.07) | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.11) | 0.74 (0.56 to 0.97) | 1.09 (0.86 to 1.37) |
| p Value | 0.19 | <0.01 | 0.46 | 0.04 | ||||
| Model 3§ | ||||||||
| Industrial sector | ||||||||
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 1.00 (0.75 to 1.33) | 1.06 (0.94 to 1.2) | 0.91 (0.5 to 1.64) | 1.08 (0.86 to 1.36) | 1.32 (0.9 to 1.94) | 1.10 (0.92 to 1.33) | 0.28 (0.04 to 2.02) | 1.25 (0.8 to 1.96) |
| Manufacturing and mining | 0.87 (0.77 to 0.99) | 1.10 (0.96 to 1.25) | 0.72 (0.56 to 0.94) | 1.00 (0.79 to 1.28) | 0.89 (0.74 to 1.07) | 1.21 (1.00 to 1.45) | 0.53 (0.25 to 1.12) | 0.84 (0.43 to 1.67) |
| Construction | 1.01 (0.88 to 1.15) | 0.96 (0.85 to 1.09) | 0.97 (0.75 to 1.27) | 0.89 (0.7 to 1.12) | 0.98 (0.81 to 1.19) | 1.11 (0.93 to 1.32) | 0.73 (0.37 to 1.43) | 1.15 (0.71 to 1.85) |
| Trade, transport and communication | 0.97 (0.89 to 1.06) | 1.11 (1.02 to 1.2) | 1.00 (0.84 to 1.19) | 1.19 (1.02 to 1.39) | 1.01 (0.89 to 1.15) | 1.04 (0.92 to 1.18) | 0.62 (0.37 to 1.05) | 1.35 (0.94 to 1.94) |
| Financial intermediation and business activities | 0.93 (0.83 to 1.04) | 1.00 (0.91 to 1.09) | 0.69 (0.54 to 0.89) | 0.91 (0.75 to 1.09) | 0.96 (0.82 to 1.12) | 1.01 (0.89 to 1.15) | 0.94 (0.54 to 1.65) | 1.1 (0.69 to 1.78) |
| Personal and cultural services | 1.00 (0.8 to 1.24) | 0.85 (0.75 to 0.96) | 0.50 (0.27 to 0.93) | 0.74 (0.56 to 0.98) | 1.30 (0.97 to 1.74) | 0.93 (0.78 to 1.11) | 0.76 (0.24 to 2.37) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.2) |
| Welfare | 1.06 (0.84 to 1.33) | 1.20 (1.02 to 1.42) | 1.10 (0.69 to 1.75) | 0.99 (0.68 to 1.44) | 0.92 (0.66 to 1.29) | 1.33 (1.08 to 1.65) | 2.02 (0.9 to 4.54) | 1.26 (0.55 to 2.86) |
| Not specified | 1.20 (0.57 to 2.51) | 0.87 (0.79 to 0.96) | NA | 0.82 (0.68 to 0.98) | 1.66 (0.62 to 4.45) | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.09) | 6.22 (0.85 to 45.21) | 0.83 (0.45 to 1.52) |
| p for interaction | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.11 | 0.21 | ||||
| Model 4¶ | ||||||||
| Education level | ||||||||
| Primary | 0.90 (0.83 to 0.98) | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.06) | 0.83 (0.7 to 0.98) | 0.97 (0.86 to 1.08) | 0.98 (0.87 to 1.1) | 1.05 (0.96 to 1.15) | 0.58 (0.34 to 0.97) | 0.98 (0.71 to 1.34 |
| Secondary | 0.94 (0.87 to 1.02) | 1.00 (0.94 to 1.06) | 0.77 (0.65 to 0.91) | 0.95 (0.84 to 1.07) | 0.99 (0.88 to 1.1) | 1.02 (0.94 to 1.12) | 0.64 (0.42 to 0.97) | 1.16 (0.87 to 1.54) |
| Tertiary | 1.10 (0.98 to 1.23) | 1.02 (0.93 to 1.12) | 1.05 (0.83 to 1.33) | 0.96 (0.8 to 1.15) | 1.01 (0.86 to 1.19) | 1.04 (0.92 to 1.18) | 1.32 (0.81 to 2.16) | 1.18 (0.76 to 1.83) |
| p for interaction | 0.09 | 0.36 | 0.99 | 0.13 | ||||
*The reference group in all analyses is employees.
†Adjusted for time in study (in years), age at baseline, gender and industrial sector.
‡Additionally adjusted for education level, number of children and family structure, Charlson Comorbidity Index, enterprise size.
§Additionally adjusted for an interaction between industrial sector and occupational group.
¶Model 2 additionally adjusted for an interaction between education and occupational group.
CVD, cardiovascular diseases; NA, not applicable.