Table 4

Mortality from selected cancers by highest level of exposure to styrene, 1946–2012

Cancer	Highest level of exposure*
	Background				Low/moderate				High for <1 year				High for ≥1 year
	Observed	Expected	SMR	95% CI	Observed	Expected	SMR	95% CI	Observed	Expected	SMR	95% CI	Observed	Expected	SMR	95% CI
Oesophagus	12	13.9	0.86	0.45 to 1.51	13	12.7	1.02	0.54 to 1.74	12	10.2	1.18	0.61 to 2.06	10	7.1	1.41	0.68 to 2.60
Stomach	12	20.9	0.57	0.30 to 1.00	19	16.9	1.12	0.68 to 1.76	7	10.7	0.65	0.26 to 1.34	5	8.2	0.61	0.20 to 1.43
Large intestine	13	23.2	0.56	0.30 to 0.96	12	17.5	0.69	0.35 to 1.20	13	12.9	1.01	0.54 to 1.72	11	9.8	1.13	0.56 to 2.02
Rectum	12	13.7	0.88	0.45 to 1.53	11	11.2	0.98	0.49 to 1.75	8	8.2	0.97	0.42 to 1.92	2	6.0	0.33	0.04 to 1.20
Pancreas	21	14.9	1.41	0.87 to 2.15	11	11.6	0.95	0.47 to 1.70	10	9.0	1.11	0.53 to 2.03	6	6.7	0.89	0.33 to 1.95
Lung	100	93.4	1.07	0.87 to 1.30	98	81.4	1.20	0.98 to 1.47	68	55.6	1.22	0.95 to 1.55	60	41.6	1.44	1.10 to 1.86
Prostate	19	22.4	0.85	0.51 to 1.33	20	25.2	0.79	0.48 to 1.22	15	14.6	1.03	0.58 to 1.70	9	10.5	0.86	0.39 to 1.63
Bladder†	10	11.2	0.90	0.43 to 1.65	16	10.1	1.58	0.90 to 2.57	8	6.5	1.23	0.53 to 2.43	3	4.8	0.62	0.13 to 1.81
Kidney†	10	6.7	1.49	0.72 to 2.75	7	5.9	1.18	0.47 to 2.43	7	4.9	1.43	0.58 to 2.95	4	3.4	1.17	0.32 to 3.00
Brain and nervous system	6	7.8	0.77	0.28 to 1.68	12	6.4	1.88	0.97 to 3.29	5	6.1	0.82	0.27 to 1.92	9	4.1	2.20	1.01 to 4.19
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma†	10	8.3	1.20	0.58 to 2.21	3	6.8	0.44	0.09 to 1.28	6	5.8	1.04	0.38 to 2.26	5	4.1	1.22	0.40 to 2.85
Leukaemia	10	8.7	1.15	0.55 to 2.12	6	7.0	0.86	0.31 to 1.87	4	5.6	0.72	0.20 to 1.84	3	4.0	0.76	0.16 to 2.22

*At each time point during follow-up, participants were classed according to the highest grade of exposure experienced up to that date.
†Owing to changes in disease classification, the earliest follow-up for these cancers was from 1950.