Pesticides previously associated with gestational diabetes among spouses of applicators or with incident diabetes among applicators in the Agricultural Health Study as compared with the results of the present study
| Gestational diabetes among spouses* | Incident diabetes among applicators (ever use)† | Incident diabetes among spouses (present study) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |
| Organochlorines | ||||||
| Aldrin | 1.14‡ | 0.97 to 1.33 | 1.34 | 0.83 to 2.14 | ||
| Chlordane | 1.16‡ | 1.01 to 1.34 | 0.95 | 0.73 to 1.23 | ||
| DDT | 1.09 | 0.94 to 1.27 | 1.23 | 0.97 to 1.56 | ||
| Dieldrin | 1.03 | 0.83 to 1.30 | 1.99 | 1.12 to 3.54 | ||
| Heptachlor | 1.20‡ | 1.01 to 1.43 | 1.48 | 0.92 to 2.37 | ||
| Organophosphates | ||||||
| Coumaphos | 1.26 | 1.03 to 1.55 | 1.20 | 0.77 to 1.85 | ||
| Diazinon | 2.35 | 0.95 to 5.78 | 0.98 | 0.85 to 1.13 | 0.88 | 0.72 to 1.08 |
| Dichlorvos | 1.21‡ | 0.98 to 1.49 | 0.96 | 0.70 to 1.33 | ||
| Fonofos | 1.02 | 0.86 to 1.21 | 1.56 | 1.11 to 2.19 | ||
| Parathion | 1.03 | 0.88 to 1.22 | 1.61 | 1.05 to 2.46 | ||
| Phorate | 3.57 | 1.14 to 11.17 | 1.22 | 1.06 to 1.42 | 1.57 | 1.14 to 2.16 |
| Terbufos | 1.74 | 0.60 to 5.06 | 1.17 | 1.02 to 1.35 | 1.20 | 0.87 to 1.63 |
| Trichlorfon | 1.85‡ | 1.03 to 3.33 | ||||
| Carbamate | ||||||
| Carbofuran | 3.93 | 1.28 to 12.02 | 1.05 | 0.91 to 1.20 | 1.00 | 0.68 to 1.47 |
| Herbicides | ||||||
| 2,4,5-T or 2,4,5-TP | 4.67§ | 1.13 to 19.38 | 1.02§ | 0.88 to 1.19 | 1.59 | 1.00 to 2.51 |
| Alachlor | 2.05 | 0.79 to 5.33 | 1.14‡ | 1.00 to 1.30 | 1.10 | 0.84 to 1.43 |
| Atrazine | 2.35 | 0.98 to 5.67 | 1.07 | 0.93 to 1.23 | 1.08 | 0.83 to 1.40 |
| Butylate | 3.92 | 1.29 to 11.93 | 1.07 | 0.93 to 1.24 | 0.82 | 0.50 to 1.34 |
| Cyanazine | 2.45 | 0.88 to 6.84 | 1.27‡ | 1.09 to 1.47 | 0.90 | 0.63 to 1.28 |
*Saldana et al17 Adjusted for age at pregnancy, BMI at enrolment, parity, state of residence and five commonly used pesticides.
†Montgomery et al.4 Adjusted for age, state of residence, BMI at enrolment.
‡Indicates that dose–response relationship was observed.
§Estimate for 2,4,5-T.
BMI, body mass index.