Table 4

Standardised mortality ratios for male cabin crew in a multinational cohort study of commercial airline crew

Cause of death	Observed cases	Observed_C	Expected cases	SMR_C	95% CI
All causes	1360	1360	1266.97	1.07	1.02 to 1.13
All known causes except aircraft accidents	1254	1337.60	1265.05	1.06	0.98 to 1.15
All cancers	306	326.40	334.93	0.97	0.84 to 1.13
Radiation-related	71	75.73	75.45	1.00	0.74 to 1.33
Other	235	250.67	259.46	0.97	0.82 to 1.14
Cancer subtypes
Buccal cavity/pharynx	18	19.20	11.96	1.61	0.87 to 2.73
Oesophagus	14	14.93	10.54	1.42	0.70 to 2.57
Stomach	8	8.53	17.01	0.50	0.19 to 1.09
Large intestine	22	23.47	23.88	0.98	0.57 to 1.59
Rectum	8	8.53	11.02	0.77	0.29 to 1.68
Biliary tree/liver	13	13.87	12.08	1.15	0.55 to 2.13
Pancreas	12	12.8	17.37	0.74	0.34 to 1.40
Larynx	2	2.13	5.04
Bronchial tree and lung	73	77.87	96.49	0.81	0.60 to 1.06
Bone	0	0	1.50
Malignant melanoma	8	8.53	7.14	1.20	0.45 to 2.59
Other skin	8	8.53	1.07	8.01	2.98 to 17.33
Breast	1	1.07	0.40
Cervix uteri
All other uterine
Ovary
Prostate	17	18.13	24.18	0.75	0.40 to 1.29
Testis/other male genital organ	4	4.27	2.82	1.51	0.33 to 4.34
Kidney	6	6.40	9.93	0.64	0.20 to 1.55
Bladder/other urinary tract	11	11.73	9.63	1.22	0.54 to 2.37
Eye	0	0	0.31
CNS (includes brain)	16	17.07	13.69	1.25	0.64 to 2.18
Thyroid gland/other endocrine	0	0	1.36
All lymphoma	27	28.80	14.12	2.04	1.24 to 3.17
Non- Hodgkin lymphoma	25	26.67	11.26	2.37	1.41 to 3.73
Hodgkin lymphoma	2	2.13	2.86
All leukaemia*	15	16.00	12.62	1.27	0.64 to 2.26
Leukaemia CLL	1	1.07	2.22
Leukaemia non-CLL	13	13.87	10.40	1.33	0.63 to 2.47
Kaposi sarcoma	0	0	0.01
All other cancer	23	24.53	30.74	0.80	0.47 to 1.28
Benign neoplasms	3	3.20	6.42	0.50	0.08 to 1.65
Non-cancer causes
Diabetes	5	5.33	22.13	0.24	0.06 to 0.63
Cerebrovascular disease	45	48.00	62.06	0.77	0.53 to 1.09
All cardiovascular disease	221	235.73	329.54	0.72	0.60 to 0.85
Rheumatic heart disease	2	2.13	3.81
Other ischaemic heart disease	76	81.07	94.49	0.86	0.64 to 1.13
Acute myocardial infarction	82	87.47	149.62	0.58	0.44 to 0.76
Hypertension	11	11.73	11.45	1.03	0.45 to 2.00
All other cardiovascular disease	50	53.33	70.17	0.76	0.53 to 1.06
Non-malignant respiratory disease	35	37.33	48.33	0.77	0.50 to 1.14
Ulcer of stomach+duodenum	4	4.27	5.31	0.80	0.17 to 2.31
Liver cirrhosis	42	44.80	46.50	0.96	0.65 to 1.38
Nephritis and nephrosis	5	5.33	4.81	1.11	0.30 to 2.88
Influenza and pneumonia	16	17.07	19.71	0.87	0.45 to 1.52
All other infectious diseases (except AIDS)	47	50.13	13.58	3.69	2.55 to 5.18
AIDS	216	230. 40	13.99	16.47	13.86 to 19.51
Aircraft accidents	21	22.40	1.92	11.66	6.62 to 19.11
All external except aircraft	155	165.33	186.02	0.89	0.73 to 1.08
Motor vehicle accidents	37	39.47	50.65	0.78	0.51 to 1.14
Suicides	65	69.33	60.03	1.16	0.85 to 1.55
Homicides, except unclear accidents	5	5.33	12.31	0.43	0.12 to 1.13
Unclear accidental deaths	1	1.07	5.86
All other external causes	47	50.13	57.41	0.87	0.60 to 1.23
Ill-defined cause of death	24	25.60	34.66	0.74	0.44 to 1.18
All other causes	130	138.67	137.06	1.01	0.81 to 1.25
Unknown cause	85

*Including one male case that could not be classified as CLL or non-CLL.
CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; CNS, central nervous system; Observed_C, numbers of death corrected for missing causes using the method proposed by Rittgen and Becker (see Methods); SMR_C, standardised mortality ratio, using numbers of death corrected for missing causes.