OR* for risk of glioma associated with estimated occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents, stratified by gender (National Cancer Institute Brain Tumour Case-control Study, 1994–1998)
| All | Males | Females | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorinated solvent | Exposure status | Controls n (%) | Cases n (%) | OR (95% CI) | Controls n | Cases n | OR (95% CI) | Controls n | Cases n | OR (95% CI) |
| Any solvent | Unexposed | 466 (84.0) | 302 (85.6) | 1.0 | 163 | 151 | 1.0 | 303 | 151 | 1.0 |
| Exposed | 89 (16.0) | 51 (14.4) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.3) | 65 | 38 | 0.6 (0.4 to 1.0) | 24 | 13 | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.3) | |
| Methylene chloride dichloromethane | Unexposed | 534 (67.0) | 337 (69.6) | 1.0 | 183 | 167 | 1.0 | 351 | 170 | 1.0 |
| Possible | 210 (26.4) | 126 (26.0) | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) | 139 | 90 | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) | 71 | 36 | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) | |
| Probable | 53 (6.6) | 21 (4.3) | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.9) | 41 | 16 | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.8) | 12 | 5 | 1.0 (0.3 to 2.9) | |
| Chloroform | Unexposed | 551 (69.1) | 347 (71.7) | 1.0 | 211 | 180 | 1.0 | 340 | 167 | 1.0 |
| Possible | 225 (28.2) | 119 (24.6) | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.0) | 140 | 82 | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) | 85 | 37 | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.4) | |
| Probable | 21 (2.6) | 18 (3.7) | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.4) | 12 | 11 | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.6) | 9 | 7 | 1.5 (0.5 to 4.1) | |
| Carbon tetrachloride | Unexposed | 576 (72.3) | 367 (75.8) | 1.0 | 213 | 182 | 1.0 | 363 | 185 | 1.0 |
| Possible | 192 (24.1) | 102 (21.1) | 0.7 (0.5 to 0.9) | 127 | 79 | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) | 65 | 23 | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.1) | |
| Probable | 29 (3.6) | 15 (3.1) | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.2) | 23 | 12 | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.2) | 6 | 3 | 1.1 (0.3 to 4.5) | |
| 1,1,1-Trichloroethane | Unexposed | 525 (65.9) | 334 (69.0) | 1.0 | 190 | 171 | 1.0 | 335 | 163 | 1.0 |
| Possible | 260 (32.6) | 140 (28.9) | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.0) | 164 | 92 | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.9) | 96 | 48 | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) | |
| Probable | 12 (1.5) | 10 (2.1) | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.4) | 9 | 10 | 1.2 (0.5 to 3.1) | 3 | 0 | – | |
| Trichloroethylene | Unexposed | 528 (66.3) | 334 (69.0) | 1.0 | 193 | 166 | 1.0 | 335 | 168 | 1.0 |
| Possible | 242 (30.4) | 139 (28.7) | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) | 148 | 99 | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) | 94 | 40 | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.3) | |
| Probable | 27 (3.4) | 11 (2.3) | 0.5 (0.3 to 1.1) | 22 | 8 | 0.4 (0.2 to 1.0) | 5 | 3 | 1.0 (0.2 to 4.3) | |
| Perchloroethylene | Unexposed | 522 (65.5) | 339 (70.0) | 1.0 | 191 | 165 | 1.0 | 331 | 174 | 1.0 |
| Possible | 255 (32.0) | 136 (28.1) | 0.7 (0.5 to 0.9) | 166 | 102 | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) | 89 | 34 | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.1) | |
| Probable | 20 (2.5) | 9 (1.9) | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.6) | 6 | 6 | 1.2 (0.4 to 3.8) | 14 | 3 | 0.5 (0.1 to 1.7) | |
*OR computed using unconditional logistic regression adjusting for age group (<30, 30–49, 50–69, 70+), race (white vs non-white), sex, hospital site and proximity of residence to the hospital.