Multiple logistic regression: LBP at 3-year follow-up regressed on work-related exposures measured at baseline
| Mod#1† | Mod#2‡ | |
|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| 1. Job demands § | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 0.92 0.70 to 1.21) | 1.04 (0.79 to 1.39) |
| High | 1.22 (1.01 to 1.47) | 1.41 (1.16 to 1.72) |
| 2. Job control¶ | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 1.03 (0.86 to 1.23) | 0.99 (0.82 to 1.19) |
| Low | 1.43 (1.16 to 1.78) | 1.26 (1.01 to 1.57) |
| 3. Supportive leadership¶ | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 1.17 (0.97 to 1.41) | 1.11 (0.92 to 1.35) |
| Low | 1.21 (0.92 to 1.59) | 1.10 (0.84 to 1.46) |
| 4. Role conflict § | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | .99 (0.82 to 1.19) | 1.04 (0.86 to 1.26) |
| High | 1.23 (0.94 to 1.61) | 1.26 (0.95 to 1.67) |
| 5. Monotonous work§ | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 1.05 (0.81 to 1.36) | 1.02 (0.78 to 1.32) |
| High | 1.33 (1.13 to 1.56) | 1.15 (0.97 to 1.36) |
| 6. Awkward lifting†† | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| a quarter of the working day | 1.74 (1.39 to 2.19) | 1.56 (1.24 to 1.97) |
| 1/2 of the work-day | 1.84 (1.32 to 2.57) | 1.59 (1.13 to 2.24) |
| three-quarters of the working day | 1.74 (1.09 to 2.77) | 1.43 (0.89 to 2.29) |
| Pooled estimate‡‡ | 1.77 (1.47 to 2.13) | 1.55 (1.28 to 1.88) |
| 7. Squatting/ kneeling†† | 1.00 | 1.00 6.8 |
| a quarter of the working day | 1.64 (1.31 to 2.06) | 1.33 (1.04 to 1.70) |
| 1/2 of the work-day | 1.54 (1.11 to 2.12) | 1.15 (0.81 to 1.63) |
| three-quarters of the working day | 2.17 (1.42 to 3.30) | 1.44 (0.91 to 2.28) |
| Pooled estimate‡‡ | 1.68 (1.40 to 2.01) | 1.29 (1.04 to 1.61) |
| 8. Standing†† | ||
| Not exposed | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| a quarter of the working day | 1.21 (0.91 to 1.63) | 1.10 (0.81 to 1.48) |
| 1/2 of the work-day | 1.39 (1.10 to 1.74) | 1.24 (0.96 to 1.59) |
| three-quarters of the working day | 1.74 (1.46 to 2.07) | 1.48 (1.20 to 1.83) |
| Pooled estimate‡‡ | 1.56 (1.33 to 1.83) | 1.32 (1.09 to 1.60) |
| 9. Upper body forward bend†† | 1.00 | 1.006 |
| a quarter of the working day | 1.51 (1.06 to 2.16) | 1.09 (0.74 to 1.60) |
| 1/2 of the work-day | 1.12 (0.71 to 1.78) | 0.78 (0.48 to 1.28) |
| three-quarters of the working day | 0.60 (0.27 to 1.34) | 0.38 (0.16 to 0.87) |
| Pooled estimate‡‡ | 1.21 (0.92 to 1.61) | 0.87 (0.63 to 1.19) |
| 10. Heavy lifting†† | 1.00 | 1.006 |
| 1–4 times daily | 1.39 (1.09 to 1.76) | 1.07 (0.83 to 1.39) |
| 5–19 times daily | 1.42 (1.10 to 1.84) | 1.13 (0.86 to 1.48) |
| 20+ times daily | 1.23 (0.85 to 1.78) | 0.77 (0.52 to 1.15) |
| Pooled estimate‡‡ | 1.37 (1.15 to 1.63) | 1.04 (0.85 to 1.27) |
| 11. Lifting of persons†† | 1.00 | 1.006.8.10 |
| Yes | 1.28 (1.00 to 1.64) | 1.16 (0.86 to 1.56) |
| 12. Whole body vibration†† | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| A quarter of the working day | 1.59 (0.91 to 2.77) | 1.34 (0.76 to 2.34) |
| Half of the working day | 1.53 (0.75 to 3.14) | 1.22 (0.59 to 2.51) |
| Three-quarters of the working day | 1.65 (0.92 to 2.93) | 1.35 (0.74 to 2.44) |
| Pooled estimate‡‡ | 1.60 (1.11 to 2.29) | 1.31 (0.90 to 1.91) |
*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.001.
†Adjusted for LBP at T1, gender, age.
‡+ Education, occupation, psychological distress and work-related mechanical and/or psychosocial exposures yielding a 10% change of OR (shown in superscript after the reference value in mod#2).
§Reference value=low.
¶Reference value=high.
††Reference value=not exposed.
‡‡‘a quarter of the working day or more’.
LWP, low back pain.