Adjusted* associations between exposure to classes of solvents estimated from expert consensus-based approach and selected simple isolated congenital heart defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2002
| N† | Any solvent | Chlorinated solvents | Stoddard solvent | ||||
| N‡ | OR (95% CI) | N‡ | OR (95% CI) | N‡ | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Any congenital heart defect | 2047 | 96 | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6) | 88 | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6) | 31 | 1.2 (0.7 to 1.9) |
| Conotruncal defects | 470 | 24 | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.0) | 22 | 1.2 (0.8 to 2.0) | 7 | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.5) |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | 245 | 12 | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.2) | 11 | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.2) | 2 | 0.6 (0.2 to 2.7) |
| D-Transposition of the great arteries | 167 | 11 | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.4) | 10 | 1.7 (0.9 to 3.4) | 5 | 2.1 (0.8 to 5.5) |
| Anomalous pulmonary venous return | 60 | 2 | 0.9 (0.2 to 3.6) | 2 | 1.0 (0.2 to 4.1) | 0 | Not estimated |
| Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction defects | 344 | 9 | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.4) | 8 | 0.7 (0.3 to 1.4) | 3 | 0.6 (0.2 to 2.0) |
| Hypoplastic left heart syndrome | 147 | 0 | Not estimated | 0 | Not estimated | 0 | Not estimated |
| Coarctation of the aorta | 125 | 4 | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.6) | 3 | 0.8 (0.2 to 2.4) | 1 | Not estimated |
| Aortic stenosis | 69 | 5 | 2.0 (0.8 to 5.2) | 5 | 2.2 (0.9 to 5.7) | 2 | 1.9 (0.4 to 8.3) |
| Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction defects | 302 | 19 | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.7) | 17 | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.7) | 6 | 1.6 (0.7 to 3.8) |
| Pulmonary valve stenosis | 235 | 14 | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.7) | 12 | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.7) | 5 | 1.6 (0.6 to 4.2) |
| Septal defects | 793 | 42 | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.9) | 39 | 1.3 (0.9 to 2.0) | 15 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.7) |
| Ventricular septal defect—perimembranous | 351 | 21 | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.6) | 20 | 1.7 (1.0 to 2.8) | 7 | 1.6 (0.7 to 3.7) |
| Ventricular septal defect—muscular | 108 | 6 | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.2) | 6 | 1.4 (0.5 to 3.5) | 1 | Not estimated |
| Atrial septal defect—secundum or not otherwise specified | 316 | 15 | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.9) | 13 | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.8) | 7 | 1.7 (0.7 to 3.8) |