Logistic regression* (all workers) | Logistic regression* (after exclusion of the non-retired) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Still working | Ceased working (for any reason) | Still working | Ceased working and non-retired | |||||
Risk factors at baseline | n | N | OR (95% CI) | p Value | n | n | OR (95% CI) | p Value |
Health group | ||||||||
‘HEALTHY’ group† | 1356 | 146 | 1 | 0.03 | 1356 | 72 | 1 | 0.006 |
‘PAIN’ group† | 393 | 65 | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.9) | 393 | 34 | 1.5 (1.0 to 2.4) | ||
‘UL-MSD’ group† | 225 | 61 | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.4) | 225 | 28 | 2.2 (1.3 to 3.7) | ||
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 1127 | 132 | 1 | 0.01 | 1127 | 42 | 1 | <0.0001 |
Female | 844 | 140 | 1.5 (1.1 to 2.2) | 844 | 92 | 2.7 (1.7 to 4.2) | ||
Age | ||||||||
<30 years | 360 | 38 | 1 | <0.0001 | 360 | 38 | 1 | <0.0001 |
30–39 years | 624 | 32 | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) | 624 | 32 | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) | ||
40–49 years | 697 | 34 | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) | 697 | 28 | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.6) | ||
≥50 years | 290 | 168 | 5.7 (3.8 to 8.5) | 290 | 36 | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.8) | ||
Occupational category | ||||||||
Managers, professionals, technicians | 657 | 71 | 1 | >0.10 | 657 | 28 | 1 | >0.10 |
White collar workers | 513 | 81 | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.9) | 513 | 50 | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.3) | ||
Skilled blue collar workers | 481 | 76 | 1.7 (1.1 to 2.4) | 481 | 26 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.6) | ||
Unskilled blue collar workers | 320 | 45 | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.2) | 320 | 30 | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.9) | ||
Type of company | ||||||||
Public sector | 448 | 51 | 1 | 0.01 | 448 | 15 | 1 | 0.002 |
Private sector (including agriculture) | 1523 | 221 | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.3) | 1523 | 119 | 2.5 (1.4 to 4.4) | ||
Thyroid disorders | ||||||||
No | 1889 | 257 | 1 | >0.10 | 1889 | 124 | 1 | >0.10 |
Yes | 82 | 15 | 0.9 (0.5 to 4.6) | 82 | 10 | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.9) | ||
Diabetes | ||||||||
No | 1946 | 263 | 1 | >0.10 | 1946 | 131 | 1 | >0.10 |
Yes | 25 | 9 | 2.0 (0.8 to 4.9) | 25 | 3 | 1.1 (0.3 to 4.1) | ||
Obesity | ||||||||
No | 1815 | 243 | 1 | >0.20 | 1815 | 119 | 1 | >0.20 |
Yes | 156 | 29 | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) | 156 | 15 | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.3) |
*The ORs presented are mutually adjusted for all the risk factors included in the logistic regression models.
†‘HEALTHY’ group: subjects working at baseline and without pain in upper limbs or clinically diagnosed UL-MSD. ‘PAIN’ group: subjects working at baseline with pain in an upper limb but without clinically diagnosed UL-MSD. ‘UL-MSD’ group: subjects working at baseline with a clinically diagnosed UL-MSD.
UL-MSD, upper limb musculoskeletal disorder.