2001 | 2005 without policy | Difference with/without policy 2005 optimistic scenario | Difference with/without policy 2005 pessimistic scenario | Residents 2005 along HTR | Mortality rates per 100 000 population | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years optimistic scenario | YLG per 100 000 during 15 years pessimistic scenario | |||||||
NO2 | PM10 | NO2 | PM10 | NO2 | PM10 | NO2 | PM10 | NO2 | PM10 | NO2 | PM10 | |||
By circular zone | ||||||||||||||
Outside main ring | 12.86 | 3.47 | 9.69 | 2.85 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 681 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Main ring | 22.76 | 7.51 | 17.3 | 6.07 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 59 230 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Green strip | 26.76 | 9.85 | 20.6 | 7.69 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 123 401 | 924 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Railway ring | 23.49 | 9.07 | 17.84 | 7.01 | −3.27 | −0.54 | −2.42 | −0.45 | 59 181 | 924 | 4109 | 671 | 3030 | 559 |
Limited traffic zone | 23.52 | 9.13 | 17.98 | 7.12 | −4.02 | −0.68 | −2.97 | −0.57 | 3029 | 924 | 5084 | 858 | 3731 | 693 |
By SEP | ||||||||||||||
1 (high) | 23.92 | 8.69 | 18.22 | 6.76 | −1.21 | −0.20 | −0.90 | −0.17 | 57 733 | 854 | 1387 | 229 | 1031 | 194 |
2 | 25.33 | 9.25 | 19.36 | 7.23 | −1.00 | −0.17 | −0.74 | −0.14 | 61 174 | 933 | 1167 | 198 | 863 | 163 |
3 | 24.53 | 8.77 | 18.79 | 6.89 | −0.62 | −0.10 | −0.46 | −0.08 | 63 325 | 901 | 733 | 118 | 543 | 95 |
4 | 23.70 | 8.56 | 18.01 | 6.67 | −0.57 | −0.10 | −0.42 | −0.08 | 45 180 | 896 | 655 | 115 | 483 | 91 |
5 (low) | 22.22 | 7.83 | 16.91 | 6.21 | −0.29 | −0.05 | −0.21 | −0.04 | 37 110 | 1029 | 340 | 59 | 245 | 46 |
Total | 24.12 | 8.70 | 18.4 | 6.81 | −0.78 | −0.13 | −0.58 | −0.11 | 264 522 | 924 | 921 | 153 | 685 | 130 |
Baseline mortality rates standardised for age using the total Rome population of 2005. Pre–post differences of 2005 based on population-weighted average concentrations of address data of 264 522 subjects. We have assumed that the difference results in a reduction in hazards for the years 2005 till 2019 based on the CRF of 1.06 per 10 μg/m3 in NO2 or PM10. These CRFs were applied for people aged ≥30 years. HTR: >10 000 vehicles circulating per day.
CRF, concentration–response function; HTR, high-traffic road; SEP, socioeconomic position; YLG, years of life gained.