Table 3

Coefficients (and SEs) from a series of longitudinal random-intercept regression models assessing the relationship between employment circumstances and mental health

	Model A	Model B	Model C	Model D	Model E
	Model A	Add covariates	Add neuroticism	Add between-person	Lagged predictors of change in mental health
Employment continuum
Optimal jobs	5.95 (0.33)***	5.77 (0.33)***	5.40 (0.35)***	5.04 (0.34)***	6.27 (0.79)***
1 Adversity	4.10 (0.32)***	4.00 (0.32)***	3.84 (0.34)***	3.38 (0.33)***	4.26 (0.78)***
2 Adversities	2.42 (0.33)***	2.32 (0.33)***	2.40 (0.35)***	1.85 (0.33)***	2.89 (0.83)***
Poorest jobs	(Ref)	(Ref)	(Ref)	(Ref)	(Ref)
Unemployment	−0.07 (0.55)	1.36 (0.55)*	1.61 (0.58)**	1.36 (0.56)*	3.09 (1.32)*
NILF	0.49 (0.39)	2.07 (0.39)***	2.00 (0.41)***	1.89 (0.40)***	2.20 (0.81)**
Sex		−0.75 (0.31)*	−1.38 (0.30)***	−0.45 (0.32)	0.28 (0.27)
Age		0.09 (0.02)***	0.01 (0.02)	0.09 (0.02)***	0.06 (0.01)***
Physical health		0.15 (0.01)***	0.15 (0.01)***	0.15 (0.01)***	0.08 (0.01)***
Partner status		2.62 (0.25)***	2.67 (0.26)***	2.53 (0.25)***	0.59 (0.29)
Time in work		4.84 (0.66)***	4.23 (0.65)***	3.70 (0.68)***	2.53 (0.59)***
Education (higher degree)		(Ref)	(Ref)	(Ref)	(Ref)
Diploma/certificate		−0.47 (0.35)	0.31 (0.34)	−0.25 (0.35)	−0.18 (0.32)
High school		−0.01 (0.42)	0.69 (0.41)	0.03 (0.42)	0.18 (0.38)
Incomplete high school		−0.56 (0.38)	0.41 (0.37)	−0.43 (0.38)	−0.05 (0.34)
Low SES area		−0.15 (0.23)	−0.07 (0.24)	−0.03 (0.23)	0.07 (0.28)
Experience of hardship		−4.82 (0.29)***	−4.52 (0.30)***	−4.64 (0.29)***	−2.11 (0.46)***
Neuroticism			5.26 (0.03)***
Any experience of poorest quality job				−3.47 (0.38)***
Any experience of unemployment				−2.02 (0.52)***
Any experience of NILF				−2.37 (0.37)***
Lagged mental health score					−0.50 (0.009)***
Wave		0.02 (0.03)	0.05 (0.14)	0.03 (0.03)	−0.04 (0.06)
Constant	70.43 (0.34)	48.85 (1.08)	25.49 (1.23)	52.24 (1.11)	21.34 (1.35)

* p<0.05; **p<0.01; *** p<0.001.
NILF, not participating in the labour force; SES, socio-economic status.