Risk of bladder cancer by cigarette smoking and employment in selected occupations, New England, 2001–2004*
| Occupation | Smoking status | p Value for interaction | |
| Never smoked,OR (95% CI) | Smoked,OR (95% CI) | ||
| Men | |||
| Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics (SOC 611) | |||
| No | 1.0 (ref) | 3.0 (2.3 to 3.9) | |
| 102/277† | 674/644 | ||
| 0.83 | |||
| Yes | 1.5 (0.7 to 3.0) | 4.7 (3.2 to 7.0) | |
| 12/28 | 107/82 | ||
| Automobile mechanics (SOC 6111) | |||
| No | 1.0 (ref) | 3.1 (2.4 to 3.9) | |
| 107/293 | 729/692 | ||
| 0.78 | |||
| Yes | 1.8 (0.7 to 4.9) | 4.8 (2.9 to 8.0) | |
| 7/12 | 52/34 | ||
| Precision metalworker (SOC 681–682) | |||
| No | 1.0 (ref) | 2.9 (2.2 to 3.7) | |
| 109/287† | 733/707 | ||
| 0.021 | |||
| Yes | 0.7 (0.3 to 2.1) | 8.6 (4.8 to 15) | |
| 5/18 | 48/19 | ||
| Metalworking/plasticworking machine operator (SOC 751–752) | |||
| No | 1.0 (ref) | 2.9 (2.3 to 3.8) | |
| 108/289 | 740/707 | ||
| 0.13 | |||
| Yes | 0.9 (0.3 to 2.4) | 6.3 (3.5 to 12) | |
| 6/16 | 41/19 | ||
| Textile, apparel and furnishing machine operators (SOC 765) | |||
| No | 1.0 (ref) | 3.1 (2.4 to 3.9) | |
| 109/299 | 740/703 | ||
| 0.48 | |||
| Yes | 3.0 (0.9 to 10) | 5.6 (3.2 to 10) | |
| 5/6 | 41/23 | ||
| Women | |||
| Health service occupations (SOC 523) | |||
| No | 1.0 (ref) | 3.3 (2.2 to 4.9) | |
| 47/152 | 178/183 | ||
| 0.17 | |||
| Yes | 4.4 (1.7 to 12) | 6.7 (3.4 to 13) | |
| 9/11 | 29/25 | ||
| Cleaning and building service occupations, except private household (SOC 524) | |||
| No | 1.0 (ref) | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.4) | |
| 51/156 | 184/196 | ||
| 0.84 | |||
| Yes | 3.5 (1.03 to 12) | 9.0 (4.0 to 20) | |
| 5/7 | 23/12 | ||
↵* Table shows three- and four-digit occupational codes with significant positive trends with duration of employment. Computer system analysts, information clerks and plumbers are excluded because of small numbers. Adjusted for age (<55, 55–64, 65–74, 75+ years), race (white only, Native American/white, other races), Hispanic ethnicity (yes/no), state (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont) and employment in high-risk occupations other than the one being analysed (ever/never).
↵† Cases/controls.
SOC, Standard Occupational Classification.