Age-adjusted associations of health-related behaviours with medically confirmed (4+ days) sickness absence spells among men and women. Additional adjustments for psychosocial and physical working conditions and occupational class. Rate ratios (95% confidence intervals) and population attributable fractions (PAFs*).
| Men | Women | |||||||||
| Age | Age and psychosocial working conditions | Age and physical working conditions | Age and occupational class | PAF | Age | Age and psychosocial working conditions | Age and physical working conditions | Age and occupational class | PAF | |
| Smoking | ||||||||||
| Heavy | 2.21 (1.72 to 2.85) | 2.00 (1.58 to 2.55) | 1.90 (1.52 to 2.37) | 1.66 (1.31 to 2.10) | 5.9 | 1.77 (1.59 to 1.97) | 1.70 (1.52 to 1.89) | 1.65 (1.49 to 1.83) | 1.49 (1.34 to 1.65) | 4.1 |
| Moderate | 1.37 (1.04 to 1.79) | 1.36 (1.05 to 1.75) | 1.33 (1.05 to 1.68) | 1.23 (0.96 to 1.57) | 3.5 | 1.50 (1.36 to 1.66) | 1.48 (1.33 to 1.63) | 1.42 (1.29 to 1.57) | 1.32 (1.20 to 1.46) | 3.9 |
| Ex | 1.24 (0.99 to 1.54) | 1.20 (0.97 to 1.47) | 1.19 (0.98 to 1.44) | 1.10 (0.90 to 1.34) | 3.4 | 1.25 (1.14 to 1.37) | 1.24 (1.13 to 1.35) | 1.23 (1.13 to 1.34) | 1.18 (1.08 to 1.29) | 3.5 |
| Never | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 12.9 | 11.5 | |||||||||
| Alcohol use | ||||||||||
| Very high | 1.42 (1.02 to 1.98) | 1.28 (0.94 to 1.75) | 1.44 (1.07 to 1.93) | 1.46 (1.09 to 1.97) | 1.8 | 1.27 (1.03 to 1.56) | 1.24 (1.02 to 1.51) | 1.32 (1.09 to 1.60) | 1.36 (1.13 to 1.65) | 0.9 |
| High | 1.15 (0.87 to 1.52) | 1.15 (0.89 to 1.50) | 1.30 (1.01 to 1.66) | 1.24 (0.96 to 1.59) | 3.2 | 1.08 (0.94 to 1.21) | 1.07 (0.96 to 1.19) | 1.14 (1.02 to 1.26) | 1.12 (1.01 to 1.24) | 1.6 |
| Abstainer | 1.49 (1.16 to 1.92) | 1.49 (1.18 to 1.90) | 1.39 (1.11 to 1.74) | 1.35 (1.08 to 1.70) | 3.7 | 1.20 (1.11 to 1.30) | 1.18 (1.09 to 1.28) | 1.14 (1.06 to 1.23) | 1.10 (1.02 to 1.18) | 3.0 |
| Moderate | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 8.8 | 5.5 | |||||||||
| Physical activity | ||||||||||
| Low | 1.52 (1.19 to 1.95) | 1.39 (1.10 to 1.75) | 1.47 (1.19 to 1.83) | 1.47 (1.18 to 1.83) | 7.8 | 1.16 (1.04 to 1.29) | 1.14 (1.03 to 1.27) | 1.17 (1.06 to 1.29) | 1.17 (1.06 to 1.29) | 3.6 |
| 2 | 1.14 (0.87 to 1.50) | 1.03 (0.79 to 1.32) | 1.15 (0.90 to 1.45) | 1.18 (0.93 to 1.50) | 1.6 | 1.16 (1.05 to 1.28) | 1.14 (1.03 to 1.26) | 1.17 (1.06 to 1.28) | 1.19 (1.08 to 1.31) | 4.4 |
| 3 | 1.09 (0.84 to 1.41) | 1.07 (0.84 to 1.35) | 1.13 (0.90 to 1.42) | 1.13 (0.90 to 1.41) | 2.4 | 1.06 (0.95 to 1.18) | 1.05 (0.94 to 1.16) | 1.05 (0.95 to 1.16) | 1.07 (0.97 to 1.18) | 1.5 |
| High | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 11.9 | 9.5 | |||||||||
| Dietary habits | ||||||||||
| Poor | 1.24 (0.95 to 1.62) | 1.12 (0.87 to 1.44) | 1.12 (0.89 to 1.42) | 1.02 (0.80 to 1.29) | −0.2 | 1.23 (1.11 to 1.36) | 1.17 (1.06 to 1.29) | 1.20 (1.09 to 1.32) | 1.09 (0.99 to 1.20) | 2.4 |
| 2 | 1.13 (0.84 to 1.52) | 1.03 (0.78 to 1.36) | 1.13 (0.87 to 1.46) | 1.07 (0.82 to 1.39) | 0.7 | 1.04 (0.94 to 1.16) | 1.02 (0.92 to 1.12) | 1.03 (0.94 to 1.14) | 0.97 (0.88 to 1.07) | −0.3 |
| 3 | 1.00 (0.74 to 1.37) | 0.98 (0.74 to 1.31) | 0.99 (0.76 to 1.29) | 0.98 (0.74 to 1.29) | −0.6 | 1.02 (0.93 to 1.13) | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.12) | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.11) | 0.98 (0.89 to 1.07) | −0.3 |
| Good | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| −0.1 | 1.9 | |||||||||
| Relative weight | ||||||||||
| Obese | 2.39 (1.87 to 3.05) | 2.22 (1.77 to 2.79) | 2.06 (1.66 to 2.55) | 2.04 (1.64 to 2.54) | 9.6 | 1.93 (1.75 to 2.12) | 1.89 (1.72 to 2.08) | 1.79 (1.63 to 1.95) | 1.72 (1.57 to 1.89) | 8.0 |
| Overweight | 1.48 (1.20 to 1.82) | 1.47 (1.22 to 1.79) | 1.44 (1.20 to 1.73) | 1.41 (1.17 to 1.70) | 13.6 | 1.37 (1.26 to 1.49) | 1.33 (1.23 to 1.45) | 1.28 (1.19 to 1.39) | 1.27 (1.17 to 1.37) | 6.1 |
| Underweight | 1.24 (0.68 to 2.28) | 1.19 (0.68 to 2.10) | 1.09 (0.64 to 1.86) | 1.21 (0.70 to 2.08) | 0.3 | 1.13 (0.98 to 1.31) | 1.14 (0.99 to 1.32) | 1.12 (0.98 to 1.28) | 1.15 (1.01 to 1.32) | 0.9 |
| Normal weight | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 23.5 | 15.0 | |||||||||
*PAFs calculated from models adjusting for all factors (age, psychosocial and physical working conditions and occupational class).