| Characteristics | Income level | |||||||||
| Low (n = 162) | Average (n = 1026) | High (n = 519) | ||||||||
| Mean | SE | n (%) | Mean | SE | n (%) | Mean | SE | n (%) | p Value* | |
| Age (years) | 43.1 | 0.63 | 44.3 | 0.25 | 47.1 | 0.35 | <0.001 | |||
| Non-work factors | ||||||||||
| Marital status | <0.001 | |||||||||
| Married/co-habiting | 94 (57.9) | 763 (74.1) | 443 (85.3) | |||||||
| Single/divorced/widowed | 68 (42.1) | 263 (25.9) | 76 (14.7) | |||||||
| Disadvantaged housing conditions | 0.49 | 0.04 | 0.39 | 0.01 | 0.30 | 0.02 | <0.001 | |||
| Lack of social support outside work | 13.3 | 0.22 | 12.6 | 0.10 | 12.4 | 0.12 | 0.001 | |||
| Victim of violence | 0.007 | |||||||||
| No | 140 (86.6) | 934 (91.7) | 490 (94.4) | |||||||
| Yes | 22 (13.4) | 86 (8.3) | 29 (5.6) | |||||||
| Smoking | 0.074 | |||||||||
| No | 126 (77.9) | 782 (76.4) | 437 (84.4) | |||||||
| Yes | 36 (22.1) | 243 (23.6) | 82 (15.6) | |||||||
| Abnormal somatic health | 0.122 | |||||||||
| No | 56 (34.2) | 408 (39.4) | 214 (40.7) | |||||||
| Yes | 105 (65.8) | 615 (60.6) | 305 (59.3) | |||||||
| Number of physical symptoms | 0.022 | |||||||||
| 0 | 11 (6.8) | 115 (11.2) | 50 (9.7) | |||||||
| 1–2 | 47 (29.8) | 393 (38.7) | 188 (36.3) | |||||||
| 3 or more | 101 (63.5) | 505 (50.1) | 276 (54.0) | |||||||
| Work factors | ||||||||||
| Job demands | 2.92 | 0.07 | 3.14 | 0.03 | 3.28 | 0.04 | <0.001 | |||
| Lack of job control | 2.52 | 0.05 | 2.46 | 0.02 | 2.19 | 0.03 | <0.001 | |||
| Lack of social support at work | 2.08 | 0.09 | 1.97 | 0.03 | 2.01 | 0.04 | 0.438 | |||
| Lack of educational prospects at work | 2.74 | 0.09 | 2.67 | 0.03 | 2.36 | 0.05 | <0.001 | |||
| Job insecurity | 1.68 | 0.08 | 1.62 | 0.03 | 1.49 | 0.03 | 0.016 | |||
*p Value for difference (χ2 test and ANOVA) between lowest and highest income categories. SE, standard error.