Table 2 Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for bladder cancer associated with specific textile occupations, locations and materials exposed, from a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Spain, 1998–2001
Cases (n = 1165)Controls (n = 1216)OR (95% CI)*
Non-exposed workers†103910941.00 (reference)
Ever textile workers1261221.05 (0.78 to 1.42)
Occupations
Fibre preparers1581.69 (0.68 to 4.22)
Spinners22221.03 (0.54 to 1.97)
Weavers29191.82 (0.95 to 3.47)
    Loom weavers20131.77 (0.82 to 3.84)
    Knitters331.05 (0.20 to 5.51)
Finishers/dyers17170.94 (0.46 to 1.95)
Mechanics17121.50 (0.67 to 3.35)
Tailors and clothing16171.04 (0.50 to 2.13)
Supervisors12111.19 (0.48 to 2.93)
Other textile workers15170.91 (0.44 to 1.89)
Administrative, clerical22230.99 (0.53 to 1.87)
Locations (place of work)‡
Preparation department:
    Carding1391.33 (0.53 to 3.34)
Spinning and twisting department:
        Spinning21181.14 (0.57 to 2.27)
        Winding1252.70 (0.92 to 7.98)
Weaving department:
    Warping/sizing10113.40 (1.62 to 111.06)
        Warping70
        Sizing516.84 (0.71 to 66.43)
        Weaving room33231.55 (0.85 to 2.83)
        Knitting room450.94 (0.24 to 3.66)
Dyeing department:
    Dyeing, printing11111.03 (0.43 to 2.49)
    Dye room or house861.49 (0.48 to 4.65)
Materials
Cotton50391.49 (0.92 to 2.40)
Wool37301.24 (0.72 to 2.14)
Synthetics31191.89 (1.00 to 3.56)
Silk560.91 (0.26 to 3.11)
Mixed38261.76 (1.01 to 3.07)
  • *Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from logistic regression, adjusting for smoking status, age, gender, geographic area and a priori high-risk occupation (excluding textiles).

  • †Non-exposed are subjects who reported having worked during their lifetime for at least six months but who had never worked in the textile industry.

  • ‡Non-production locations, such as quality control, utilities, engineering, administration, research, environmental control, receiving and shipping docks, warehouse, maintenance, and locations within clothing (cutting and pressing) are not included in the table; or other locations with fewer than 10 exposed subjects.