Table 2 Adjusted risk estimates for upper aero-digestive cancers among males in association with frequency of wood dust exposure, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, 1982–1998
Wood dust exposureCases,n (%)Controls,n (%)Adjusted OR,OR (95% CI)p Trend
All upper aero-digestive cancers* (cases = 1522 and controls = 1522)
    Never exposed1085 (71.3)1153 (75.8)Ref
    Occasionally exposed281 (18.5)262 (17.2)1.09 (0.89 to 1.34)0.05
    Regularly exposed156 (10.2)107 (7.0)1.32 (1.01 to 1.77)
Oral and oropharyngeal cancers† (cases = 241 and controls = 1522)
    Never exposed188 (78.0)1153 (75.8)Ref
    Occasionally exposed32 (13.3)262 (17.2)0.72 (0.48 to 1.08)0.69
    Regularly exposed21 (8.7)107 (7.0)1.14 (0.68 to 1.92)
Nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers‡ (cases = 90 and controls = 1522)
    Never exposed60 (66.7)1153 (75.8)Ref
    Occasionally exposed21 (23.3)262 (17.2)1.45 (0.85 to 2.48)0.11
    Regularly exposed9 (10.0)107 (7.0)1.57 (0.75 to 3.29)
Laryngeal cancers§ (cases = 124 and controls = 1522)
    Never exposed86 (69.4)1153 (75.8)Ref
    Occasionally exposed21 (16.9)262 (17.2)0.75 (0.42 to 1.36)0.52
    Regularly exposed17 (13.7)107 (7.0)1.52 (0.79 to 2.86)
Lung and tracheal cancers¶ (cases = 809 and controls = 1522)
    Never exposed557 (68.9)1153 (75.8)Ref
    Occasionally exposed158 (19.5)262 (17.2)1.09 (0.84 to 1.43)0.007
    Regularly exposed94 (11.6)107 (7.0)1.69 (1.20 to 2.36)
Oesophageal and gastric cardia cancers** (cases = 258 and controls = 1522)
    Never exposed194 (75.2)1153 (75.8)Ref
    Occasionally exposed49 (19.0)262 (17.2)1.23 (0.85 to 1.79)0.72
    Regularly exposed15 (5.8)107 (7.0)0.64 (0.32 to 1.29)
  • OR, odds ratio.

  • *Adjusted for age, education, pack years of smoking, body mass index, family income and year of enrolment.

  • †Adjusted for age, pack years of smoking, body mass index, smoking status, education, alcoholic drinks per week and year of enrolment.

  • ‡Adjusted for age, education, pack years of smoking and year of enrolment.

  • §Adjusted for age, education, pack years of smoking, smoking status and year of enrolment.

  • ¶Adjusted for age, education, pack years of smoking, body mass index, asbestos, smoking status, family income and year of enrolment.

  • **Adjusted for age, pack years of smoking, body mass index, alcoholic drinks per week, regular aspirin intake and year of enrolment.