Table 1

Classification of complaints

	S	NS	Ex
CANS, complaints of arm, neck and/or shoulder.
Ex, excluded from CANS; NS, non-specific; S, specific.
Neck region:
Cervical disc hernia	X
Radiating neck complaints		X
Tension neck syndrome		X
Shoulder region:
Frozen shoulder	X
Instability of the shoulder	X
Labral lesion of the glenoid	X
Rotator cuff tears	X
Bursitis of the shoulder	X			They can be discerned only as a group. Consensus has been achieved about the term “subacromial impingement syndrome” for these disorders and classified as specific.
Rotator cuff syndrome
Tendinitis of theM infraspinatus
Tendinitis of theM subscapularis
Tendinitis of theM supraspinatus
Suprascapular nerve compression	X
Elbow region:
Bursitis of the elbow	X
Instability of the elbow	X
Lateral epicondylitis	X
Medial epicondylitis	X
Tendinitis of the biceps tendon	X
Forearm, wrist and hand region:
Carpal tunnel syndrome	X
Cubital tunnel syndrome	X
De Quervain’s disease	X
Dupuytren disease	X
Guyon canal syndrome	X
Hand–arm vibration syndrome		X		No consensus about classification. Therefore, non-specific CANS
Oarsman’s wrist	X
Radial tunnel syndrome	X
Raynaud’s phenomenon	X
Tendinitis of the wrist/forearm			X	Mention the specific tendon involved
Trigger finger	X
Not specifically one region:
Bechterew disease			X	Rheumatic disease, added as “alert symptom” in the CANS model
Complex regional pain syndrome	X
Fibromyalgia			X	Rheumatic disease, added as “alert symptom” in the CANS model
Local arthritis (not RA) in a joint of upper extremity	X
Lung tumour			X	No musculoskeletal disorder, added as “alert symptom” in the CANS model
Osteoarthritis			X	Rheumatic disease, added as “alert symptom” in the CANS model
Rheumatoid arthritis			X	Rheumatic disease, added as “alert symptom” in the CANS model
Thoracic outlet syndrome		X		No consensus about classification. Therefore, non-specific CANS