Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lung cancer mortality, adjusted for age and smoking, in male German carbon black workers traced alive on 1 January 1976
Variable with levels | All workers, main (census) cohort | Workers hired 1960 or later, inception cohort | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deaths | RR | 95% CI | RR | 95% CI | ||
Period of hiring (calendar time) | ||||||
<1950 | 4 | 0.30 | 0.10–0.87 | |||
1950–59 | 6 | 0.29 | 0.12–0.72 | |||
1960–69 | 31 | 1.00 | 31 | 1.00 | ||
1970–79 | 9 | 1.45 | 0.64–3.28 | 9 | 1.70 | 0.73–3.96 |
1980–97 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Trend (10 years) | 1.61 | 1.14–2.28 | 1.06 | 0.54–2.09 | ||
Age at hiring (years) | ||||||
⩽25 | 5 | 1.00 | 2 | 1.00 | ||
>25–35 | 12 | 1.22 | 0.42–3.55 | 10 | 1.85 | 0.39–8.80 |
>35–45 | 19 | 2.10 | 0.72–6.07 | 17 | 2.03 | 0.40–10.39 |
>45 | 14 | 2.74 | 0.85–8.85 | 11 | 1.56 | 0.25–9.77 |
Trend (10 years) | 1.46 | 1.03–2.05 | 1.03 | 0.64–1.67 | ||
Time since hiring (years), time dependent | ||||||
>0–15 | 7 | 1.00 | 7 | 1.00 | ||
>15–25 | 15 | 0.68 | 0.26–1.77 | 15 | 0.63 | 0.24–1.65 |
>25 | 28 | 0.49 | 0.18–1.34 | 18 | 0.56 | 0.20–1.57 |
Trend (10 years) | 0.73 | 0.47–1.12 | 0.79 | 0.50–1.25 | ||
Years of employment, time dependent | ||||||
1–5 | 12 | 1.00 | 12 | 1.00 | ||
>5–10 | 9 | 0.92 | 0.37–2.25 | 8 | 1.05 | 0.40–2.74 |
>10–20 | 16 | 0.70 | 0.30–1.61 | 13 | 0.84 | 0.34–2.09 |
>20 | 13 | 0.39 | 0.16–0.94 | 7 | 0.96 | 0.33–2.81 |
Trend (10 years) | 0.70 | 0.52–0.94 | 0.97 | 0.66–1.43 | ||
At least 1 year employment in lamp or furnace black | ||||||
No | 28 | 1.00 | 22 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 22 | 1.48 | 0.84–2.61 | 18 | 1.04 | 0.56–1.96 |
At least 1 year employment in gas black | ||||||
No | 37 | 1.00 | 32 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 13 | 1.07 | 0.57–2.02 | 8 | 1.21 | 0.55–2.64 |
At least one year employment in preparation plant | ||||||
No | 46 | 1.00 | 36 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 4 | 1.05 | 0.37–2.95 | 4 | 1.07 | 0.38–3.03 |
At least one year employment in heavily exposed jobs | ||||||
No | 16 | 1.00 | 14 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 34 | 1.29 | 0.71–2.34 | 26 | 0.98 | 0.51–1.89 |
Average carbon black exposure (carbon black scores per year), time dependent | ||||||
0–1 | 12 | 1.00 | 9 | 1.00 | ||
>1–2 | 14 | 1.06 | 0.49–2.28 | 14 | 1.53 | 0.66–3.55 |
>2–3 | 21 | 0.97 | 0.47–1.98 | 15 | 1.13 | 0.49–2.60 |
>3 | 3 | 0.39 | 0.11–1.39 | 2 | 0.40 | 0.09–1.86 |
Trend (1 unit) | 0.85 | 0.65–1.10 | 0.86 | 0.64–1.15 | ||
Cumulative carbon black exposure, time dependent | ||||||
0–5 | 10 | 1.00 | 9 | 1.00 | ||
>5–10 | 10 | 1.07 | 0.44–2.59 | 8 | 0.97 | 0.37–2.54 |
>10–20 | 9 | 0.84 | 0.34–2.10 | 9 | 1.03 | 0.40–2.67 |
>20–40 | 12 | 0.70 | 0.29–1.70 | 12 | 1.27 | 0.52–3.08 |
>40 | 9 | 0.28 | 0.11–0.72 | 2 | 0.21 | 0.04–0.99 |
Trend (10 units) | 0.79 | 0.68–0.91 | 9 | 0.84 | 0.69–1.01 | |
Total | 50 | 40 |