Characteristics of the Pays de la Loire study population (%, p value comparing manual v non-manual workers)
| Men (n = 1549) | Women (n = 1107) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-manual occupation (n = 678) | Manual occupation (n = 871) | p Value | Non-manual occupation (n = 818) | Manual occupation (n = 289) | p Value | |
| *Includes rotator cuff syndrome, ICD10 M75.1; epicondylitis, ICD10 M77.1; cubital tunnel syndrome, ICD10 G56.2; extensor/flexor tendonitis/tenosynovitis, ICD10 G65.8; de Quervain’s disease, ICD10 G65.4; carpal tunnel syndrome, ICD10 G56.0. | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–29 | 18.6 | 28.4 | 24.2 | 22.8 | ||
| 30–39 | 31.9 | 39.4 | <0.0001 | 29.5 | 22.8 | 0.0826 |
| 40–49 | 31.7 | 25.1 | 30.4 | 37.0 | ||
| 50–59 | 17.8 | 17.1 | 15.9 | 17.4 | ||
| Body mass index | ||||||
| <30 kg/m2 | 92.1 | 91.1 | 0.4965 | 94.5 | 85.1 | <0.0001 |
| ⩾30 kg/m2 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 5.5 | 14.9 | ||
| Diabetes | ||||||
| No | 98.1 | 98.2 | 0.9217 | 98.8 | 98.6 | 0.8386 |
| Yes | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.4 | ||
| Thyroid disease | ||||||
| No | 97.2 | 99.0 | 0.0098 | 93.0 | 93.8 | 0.6602 |
| Yes | 2.8 | 1.0 | 7.0 | 6.2 | ||
| Arthritis | ||||||
| No | 97.8 | 98.5 | 0.2957 | 97.9 | 97.6 | 0.7405 |
| Yes | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.4 | ||
| Employment sector | ||||||
| Agriculture | 2.2 | 4.2 | <0.0001 | 1.0 | 7.5 | <0.0001 |
| Private (non-agricultural) | 72.5 | 87.7 | 72.1 | 89.8 | ||
| Public | 25.3 | 8.1 | 26.9 | 2.7 | ||
| Repetitive movements | ||||||
| No | 89.8 | 68.8 | <0.0001 | 78.2 | 38.4 | <0.0001 |
| Yes, with breaks | 8.3 | 25.2 | 18.3 | 37.4 | ||
| Yes, without breaks | 1.9 | 6.0 | 3.5 | 24.2 | ||
| Forceful movements | ||||||
| Never | 76.3 | 4.1 | <0.0001 | 82.8 | 61.3 | <0.0001 |
| <2 hours/day | 16.4 | 29.0 | 12.1 | 20.4 | ||
| ⩾2 hours/day | 7.3 | 28.9 | 5.1 | 18.3 | ||
| Arm(s) above shoulder | ||||||
| Never | 78.0 | 41.5 | <0.0001 | 69.9 | 57.8 | <0.0001 |
| <2 hours/day | 16.4 | 37.4 | 20.3 | 22.5 | ||
| ⩾2 hours/day | 5.6 | 21.1 | 9.8 | 19.7 | ||
| Hand behind trunk posture | ||||||
| Never | 77.9 | 73.0 | 0.0380 | 78.2 | 84.1 | 0.0803 |
| <2 hours/day | 18.3 | 20.8 | 16.4 | 11.1 | ||
| ⩾2 hours/day | 3.8 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 4.8 | ||
| Arm(s) away from body | ||||||
| Never | 79.2 | 47.9 | <0.0001 | 76.7 | 61.9 | <0.0001 |
| <2 hours/day | 13.4 | 27.4 | 13.1 | 14.9 | ||
| ⩾2 hours/day | 7.4 | 24.7 | 10.2 | 23.2 | ||
| Exposure to vibrations | ||||||
| <2 hours/day | 84.5 | 49.5 | <0.0001 | 95.5 | 81.6 | <0.0001 |
| ⩾2 hours/day | 15.5 | 50.5 | 4.5 | 18.4 | ||
| Wrist flexion | ||||||
| <2 hours/day | 67.8 | 24.5 | <0.0001 | 61.0 | 24.9 | <0.0001 |
| ⩾2 hours/day | 32.2 | 75.4 | 39.0 | 75.1 | ||
| Musculoskeletal symptoms | ||||||
| ⩽12 months | 47.2 | 56.4 | 0.0003 | 53.5 | 70.5 | <0.0001 |
| ⩽7 days | 24.0 | 29.4 | 0.0162 | 29.4 | 49.3 | <0.0001 |
| Any of 6 principal upper limb disorders* | 8.5 | 13.4 | 0.0028 | 12.0 | 23.9 | <0.0001 |
| Rotator cuff syndrome (ICD10 M75.1) | 4.6 | 8.5 | 0.0021 | 7.0 | 14.5 | 0.0001 |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome (ICD10 G56.0) | 1.9 | 2.5 | 0.4138 | 3.0 | 6.5 | 0.0089 |