Significant odds ratios (95% CI) of psychosocial risk factors for musculoskeletal pain in different body regions in the past 12 months†
| Psychosocial factors | Body region | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neck | Shoulders | Elbows | Wrists/hands | Upper back | Low back | Hips/thighs | Knees | Ankles/feet | |
| †Multiple forward stepwise logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age, educational level, marital status, duration of offshore employment, job title, and history of injury in the past 12 months. The adjustment factors were entered in step 1 and the psychosocial factors were then selected into the model using the forward stepwise approach in step 2. | |||||||||
| *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. | |||||||||
| Social support | |||||||||
| Lack of instrumental support from supervisors | – | – | – | 2.44* (1.18–5.04) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Occupational stressors | |||||||||
| Interface between job and family/social life | 1.34* (1.05–1.70) | 1.35* (1.02–1.71) | – | – | – | 1.46*** (1.18–1.82) | – | – | 1.69** (1.22–2.35) |
| Safety | 1.53*** (1.26–1.93) | 1.54*** (1.20–1.99) | – | – | 1.48* (1.09–2.00) | 1.29* (1.05–1.59) | – | 1.59** (1.24–2.06) | 1.68** (1.20–2.34) |
| Physical environment of workplace | 1.43** (1.14–1.79) | 1.32* (1.03–1.68) | 1.54** (1.05–2.25) | – | 1.42* (1.05–1.92) | 1.37** (1.11–1.69) | – | 1.43** (1.11–1.85) | – |
| Living in environment | – | – | – | 1.60** (1.18–2.16) | 1.68** (1.21–2.16) | 1.26* (1.02–1.56) | – | – | – |
| Managerial role | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.76* (0.58–0.98) | 0.69* (0.49–0.97) |
| Ergonomics | 1.30* (1.03–1.81) | – | – | 1.53** (1.12–2.08) | 1.33* (1.01–1.76) | – | 1.74*** (1.23–2.46) | 1.31* (1.02–1.69) | – |
| Coping styles | |||||||||
| Eating behaviour | 1.40* (1.08–1.81) | 1.53** (1.16–2.02) | 1.78** (1.15–2.74) | – | 1.51* (1.09–2.09) | – | – | 1.36* (1.02–1.80) | 1.57** (1.13–2.19) |
| External/social | – | – | – | 1.45* (1.05–2.02) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Escaping/abreaction | – | – | 1.60** (1.20–2.15) | – | 1.34* (1.04–1.73) | – | – | – | – |
| Internal | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.98** (1.37–2.5) | – | - |
| Health related behaviours | |||||||||
| Current drinker v non-drinker | – | – | 3.32** (1.34–8.26) | 3.92*** (2.02–7.62) | – | – | 4.07** (1.73–9.58) | – | – |