Table 3

Correlation of renal toxicity markers with magnitude and duration of exposure to trichloroethylene

Parameter I/group	Parameter II, mean	Correlation coefficient	R²	Significance (p)
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was used as a biomarker of exposure. Figures in parentheses represents number of individuals per group.
*n = 69. Years of exposure was not available for one individual.
TCA	Formate
<18 (19)	6.71
18–43 (17)	7.67
43–103 (17)	12.49
103–386 (17)	11.27	0.401	0.161	<0.01‡
Years*	Formate
0–1 (15)	8.66
1–4 (24)	10.56
4–7 (17)	9.58
7–20 (13)	7.39	0.126	0.016	NS (0.30)
GST-α	Formate
0–2 (20)	6.12
2–5 (19)	8.88
5–15 (18)	10.50
15–41 (13)	13.97	0.514	0.270	<0.01‡
TCA	MMA
<18 (19)	1.86
18–43 (17)	1.65
43–103 (17)	2.13
103–386 (17)	2.38	0.265	0.070	<0.05†
Years*	MMA
0–1 (15)	1.96
1–4 (24)	2.03
4–7 (17)	1.79
7–20 (13)	2.14	0.003	7.4×10^-6	NS (0.98)
Formate	MMA
0–7 (19)	1.38
7–10 (21)	1.99
10–14 (14)	2.27
14–20 (16)	2.73	0.406	0.165	<0.01‡
GST-α	MMA
0–2 (20)	2.38
2–5 (19)	1.69
5–15 (18)	2.07
15–41 (13)	1.79	0.122	0.015	NS (0.31)