Urine concentration of inorganic compounds measured at the beginning and at the end of shifts of MWI workers and control subjects
| Substances μg/g creat | French BEI μg/g creat | Incinerators | Plant 1 | Plant 2 | Control site | Plant 1 v control | Plant 2 v control | Plant 1 v plant 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BS, beginning of the shift; ES, end of the shift. | ||||||||||
| *(NS), no significant difference of urinary concentration between the beginning and the end of the shift. | ||||||||||
| Arsenic | 50 | BS | M ± SD (n) | – | – | 10.88 ± 8.17 (14) | 3.06 ± 2.31 (17) | p<0.001 | ||
| m; range | – | – | 9.17; 2.47–32.76 | 2.15; 0.37–9.15 | ||||||
| ES | M ± SD (n) | 8.94 ± 7.48 (14) | 3.29 ± 2.37 (17) | p<0.005 | ||||||
| m; range | 6.41; 1.82–26.87 (NS)* | 3.13; 0.35–9.83 (NS)* | ||||||||
| Cadmium | 5 | BS | M ± SD (n) | 0.53 ± 0.55 (29) | 0.73 ± 0.64 (15) | 0.32 ± 0.36 (14) | 0.33 ± 0.36 (17) | p<0.005 | NS | p<0.005 |
| m; range | 0.40; 0.05–2.63 | 0.51; 0.17–2.63 | 0.21; 0.05–1.44 | 0.20; 0.11–1.65 | ||||||
| ES | M ± SD (n) | 0.39 ± 0.26 (29) | 0.52 ± 0.25 (15) | 0.26 ± 0.20 (14) | 0.32 ± 0.30 (17) | p<0.005 | NS | p<0.005 | ||
| m; range | 0.37; 0.08–1.09 (NS)* | 0.44; 0.15–1.09 (NS)* | 0.19; 0.08–0.78 (NS)* | 0.21; 0.08–1.34 (NS)* | ||||||
| Chromium | 30 | BS | M ± SD (n) | 0.36 ± 0.53 (29) | 0.59 ± 0.66 (15) | 0.11 ± 0.13 (14) | 0.11 ± 0.06 (17) | p<0.001 | NS | p<0.001 |
| m; range | 0.14; 0.03–2.63 | 0.38; 0.12–2.63 | 0.08; 0.03–0.56 | 0.08; 0.04–0.28 | ||||||
| ES | M ± SD (n) | 0.23 ± 0.18 (29) | 0.36 ± 0.14 (15) | 0.08 ± 0.04 (14) | 0.12 ± 0.09 (17) | p<0.001 | NS | p<0.001 | ||
| m; range | 0.17; 0.04–0.60 (NS)* | 0.37; 0.15–0.60 (NS)* | 0.07; 0.04–0.19 (NS)* | 0.08; 0.03–0.38 (NS)* | ||||||
| Manganese | BS | M ± SD (n) | – | – | 0.97 ± 0.98 (14) | 0.87 ± 0.58 (17) | NS | |||
| m; range | – | – | 0.45; 0.20–3.60 | 0.83; 0.18–2.08 | ||||||
| ES | M ± SD (n) | 0.71 ± 0.88 (14) | 1.08 ± 0.89 (17) | NS | ||||||
| m; range | 0.45; 0.30–3.70 (NS)* | 0.97; 0.08–3.24 (NS)* | ||||||||
| Nickel | BS | M ± SD (n) | 3.89 ± 5.38 (29) | 5.74 ± 6.63 (15) | 1.91 ± 2.63 (14) | 1.07 ± 0.64 (17) | p<0.001 | NS | p<0.001 | |
| m; range | 2.33; 0.38–26.32 | 3.79; 1.22–26.32 | 0.81; 0.38–8.33 | 0.79; 0.44–3.14 | ||||||
| ES | M ± SD (n) | 2.60 ± 1.74 (29) | 3.59 ± 1.43 (15) | 1.55 ± 1.42 (14) | 1.01 ± 0.55 (17) | p<0.001 | NS | p<0.001 | ||
| m; range | 2.00; 0.45–5.95 (NS)* | 3.70; 1.47–5.95 (NS)* | 0.98; 0.45–4.76 (NS)* | 0.84; 0.43–2.50 (NS)* | ||||||