Psychosocial risk factors for onset of neck/shoulder pain (symptom cases) and neck/shoulder pain with pressure tenderness (clinical cases)
| Symptom cases (n=636) | Clinical cases (n=82) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ORcrude* | ORadj† | ORcrude | ORadj | ||
| Risk factor | n | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) |
| *OR, odds ratio. | |||||
| †Adjusted for all psychosocial factors (other factors in the table), physical risk factors, and individual factors: age, gender, body mass index, intrinsic effort, physical leisure time activity, and level of distress. | |||||
| Job demands | |||||
| Low | 2880 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| High | 1805 | 1.7 (1.5 to 2.0) | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.8) | 2.3 (1.4 to 3.5) | 1.7 (1.1 to 2.9) |
| Job control | |||||
| High | 3329 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Low | 1348 | 1.4 (1.2 to 1.7) | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.5) | 1.8 (1.1 to 2.8) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.1) |
| Social support | |||||
| High | 3214 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Low | 1216 | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.3) | 1.0 (0.9 to 1.3) | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.2) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.1) |