Odds ratios (OR) of the association between low back pain characteristics and the occurrence of upper extremity musculoskeletal co-morbidity (LBP with UE) in the past 12 months among industrial workers with low back pain (n = 252)
| Low back pain characteristics | n | LBP with UE (n = 170) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | ||
| *p<0.05, **p<0.1, χ2 test. | |||
| High pain intensity | 66 | 1.91* | 1.00 to 3.66 |
| Sciatica | 51 | 0.81 | 0.42 to 1.55 |
| Back pain lasting more than 3 months | 36 | 2.22** | 0.93 to 5.32 |
| High perceived disability | 106 | 1.73* | 1.00 to 3.00 |