Children's exposure to river water through superficial contact and drinking
| Rantau Bahru (n=144) n (%) | Sering (n=166) n (%) | Pelalawan (n=125) n (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bathe in the river: | |||
| Never | 5 (3.5) | 5 (3.0) | 1 (0.8) |
| Daily or some days | 139 (96.5) | 161 (97.0) | 124 (99.2) |
| Play or swim in the river: | |||
| Never | 73 (50.7) | 63 (38.0) | 73 (58.4) |
| Daily or some days | 71 (49.3) | 103 (62.0) | 52 (41.6) |
| Collect water from the river: | |||
| Never | 94 (65.3) | 97 (58.4) | 85 (68.0) |
| Daily or some days | 50 (34.8) | 69 (41.5) | 40 (32.0) |
| Any of the above exposures | 139 (96.5) | 162 (97.6) | 124 (99.2) |
| Any two of the above exposures | 74 (51.4) | 109 (65.7) | 58 (46.4) |
| All three of the above exposures | 47 (32.6) | 62 (37.3) | 34 (27.2) |
| Drinking water: | |||
| Regular source of drinking water: | |||
| River | 137 (95.1) | 163 (98.2) | 123 (100) |
| Other—for example, well | 7 (4.9) | 3 (1.8) | 0 |
| Drink water directly from the river | 19 (13.2) | 7 (4.2) | 2 (1.6) |
| Always boil water before drinking | 138 (95.8) | 164 (98.8) | 123 (100) |