Dose-response results for studies with better exposure information
| Male Danish foundry workers (10)* | Male German foundry workers (42)† | Male Swedish aluminium foundry workers (12)‡ | Summary risk estimate for ref. (10, 42) | Summary risk estimate for ref. (10, 12, 42) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Years§ | SMR¶ | 95% CI¶ | OR¶ | 95% CI** | SIR¶ | 95% CI | SRE¶ | 95% CI | SRE | 95% CI |
| *Dose-response trend for lung cancer also found in this cohort (SMR range 0.99–1.85). | ||||||||||
| †Dose-response trend for bladder cancer not statistically significant. | ||||||||||
| ‡Lung cancer risk significantly elevated in short term workers (2.1) but suggestive dose-response in longer term workers (range 0.8 to 1.4). | ||||||||||
| §Duration of employment in years. | ||||||||||
| ¶SMR, standardised mortality ratio; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SIR, standardised incidence ratio; SRE, summary risk estimate. | ||||||||||
| **Crude confidence intervals were calculated using Fisher's exact test. | ||||||||||
| ††Number of cases in square brackets. | ||||||||||
| <10 | 0.83 [14]†† | 0.46 to 1.40 | 1.1 [6] | 0.3 to 5 | 0.87 [12] | 0.45 to 1.52 | 0.87 [20] | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.87 [32] | 0.6 to 1.3 |
| 10–19 | 0.97 [11] | 0.48 to 1.73 | 1.6 [9] | 0.6 to 9 | 0.92 [4] | 0.25 to 2.36 | 1.15 [20] | 0.7 to 2.0 | 1.11 [24] | 0.7 to 1.9 |
| 20–29 | 1.72 [20] | 1.05 to 2.66 | 1.2 [7] | 0.4 to 4 | 0.83 [3] | 0.17 to 2.40 | 1.62 [27] | 1.0 to 2.5 | 1.61 [51] | 1.2 to 2.3 |
| ≥30 | 1.65 [17] | 0.96 to 2.65 | 3.0 [4] | 0.4 to 11 | 1.72 [21] | 1.0 to 2.9 | ||||
| trend p (2 sided) = 0.05 | trend p (2 sided) = 0.02 | |||||||||